NR601 Midterm Questions and Answers Already Passed

NR601 Midterm Questions and Answers Already Passed What are the 3 primary physiological changes of aging? 1. Reduced physiological reserve of most body systems, esp. cardiac, resp, renal. 2. Reduced homeostatic mechanisms that fail to adjust regulatory systems (i.e. temp control, fluid/lyte balance, etc.). 3. Impaired immunological function (infection risk is greater, autoimmune dz's more prevalent) What is the preferred amount of exercise for elderly? 30min/day 5 days/wk of moderate exercise. If trying to lose wt: 60min/day. What are PFTs? Group of tests that provide quantifiable measurement of lung function, used to dx resp abnormalities or assess progression/resolution of lung dz. What is FEV1? Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (80-120%) What is FVC? Forced Vital Capacity (80-120%) What is normal FEV1/FVC ratio? <0.7 (70%) What is GOLD 1 criteria? Mild FEV1 >/= 80% predicted What is GOLD 2 criteria? Moderate FEV1 50-79% predicted What is GOLD 3 criteria? Severe FEV1 30-49% predicted What is GOLD 4 criteria? Very severe FEV1 <30% predicted What are the signal symptoms of COPD? Dyspnea Chronic cough w/sputum Decreased activity tolerance Wheezing What are characteristics of COPD? Common, preventable, treatable. Characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Usually progressive, associated with enhanced chronic inflammatory response in airways and lungs to noxious particles/gases Airway fibrosis, luminal plugs, airway inflammation, increased airway resistance, small airway dz. Decreased elastic recoil of alveoli. What are risk factors for COPD? Smoking (