CNIT 280 Exam 1 Review Questions with Verified Solutions

CNIT 280 Exam 1 Review Questions with Verified Solutions When project initiation begin? When someone in the organization identifies some business need and value that can be gained from using IT Project sponsor Primary point of contact for the project Business need Reason prompting the project Business requirements descriptions of what the information system will do (functionality, features and capabilities) Business value Benefits the system will create for the organization (tangible and intangible) Special issues Issues relevant to the implementation of the system an decisions made by the committee about the project Technical Feasibility Can we successfully design, develop and install the new system? (Project size, technical feasibility, familiarity with functional area) Organizational feasibility If the system is developed, will it be used? Do business goals align with the system? Economic Feasibility (or cost-benefit analysis) The financial risks associated with the project Context Diagram Shows input and outputs of the system, shows project scope What is design? making things better for people What are information systems about? - People - Processes - Data - Hardware - Software What is a model? an artifact represented through a modeling language, a tool that serves as an abstraction What is the purpose of a model? A model describes a system through the various diagram types A model helps the information systems analyst to work at a higher level of abstraction by: - hiding or masking details, - bringing out the big picture, or - by focusing on different aspects of the prototype Functions: refer to the functionality of a system as a whole Structures: refer to elements of a system Behaviors: refer to how the structures or components of a system achieve their purpose What is a methodology? - Is a formalized approach to implementing the SDLC Process-centered methodology emphasizes process models at the core of the system concept Data centered methodology emphasizes data models at the core of the system concept Object-oriented methodologies balance between the focus between process and data A _______ is a statement of what the system must do or what characteristic it must have requirement All of the following are nonfuctional requirements except ________. timeliness The most effective approach to determining requirements is to have both _______ and _______ working together to determine business requirements business people, analysts Business Process Automation involves which of these steps? Problem Analysis Root cause analysis focuses on __________ Problems Which process makes moderate changes to the way an organization operates? Business Process Improvement Business Process Reengineering involves all of the following except ___________. Informal Benchmarking All of the following should be considered when selecting an appropriate strategy except __________. management experience Which strategy brings along the highest amount of risk? Business Process Reengineering _______ is an information-gathering technique that allows the project team, users, and management to work together to identify requirements for the system. Joint Application Development (JAD) The process of planning and controlling the development of a system within a specified time frame at a minimum cost with the right functionality. Project Management The process of examining the technical, economic,and organizational pros and cons of developing a new system. Feasibility analysis The four elements commonly found on a system request are: project sponsor, business need, business requirements, business value Government regulations are groups under what section of a system request? special issues or constraints Guide to determining whether to proceed with a project Feasibility analysis A lack of experience in Java in the IT department is an example of what? Technical risk __________ feasibility is determined by identifying costs and benefits associated with the system Economic T/F: Software licensing fees are included in development costs. False The calculation that measures the amount of money an organization receives in return for the money it spends is called the ______________. return on investment The level of acceptance of a new system within an organization is what kind of feasibility? Organizational feasibility What is project management? the process of planning and controlling the development of a system within a specified time frame at a minimum cost with the right functionality What are critical steps in project management? - Identify the project size - Creating and managing the work plan - Staffing the project - Coordinating project activities What tradeoffs should be considered on a project? The size of the system in terms of what it does, the time to complete the project, the cost of the project What does SCRUM focus on? - continuous improvement, - scope flexibility, - team input, and - delivering quality products. What are the three SCRUM artifacts (deliverable)? • Product backlog: The full list of what is in the scope for your project, ordered by priority. • Sprint backlog: The goal, user stories, and tasks associated with the current sprint. • Product Increment: The working product functionality at the end of each sprint Product vision statement An elevator pitch to communicate how your product supports the company's or organization's strategies Product roadmap A high-level view of the product requirements, with a loose time frame for when you will develop those requirements Release plan A high-level timetable for the release of working software (we will use a Gantt chart instead) What is estimation? Is the process of assigning projected values for time and effort What is a work plan? Is a dynamic schedule that records and keeps track of all the tasks that need to be accomplished over the course of the project What is the goal of requirements determination? Turn the very high-level explanation of the business requirement stated in the system request into a more precise list What is a requirement? Is a statement of what the system must do What is the difference between what the system should have or do and how the system will be implemented? - What it should have or do? analysis - How it should be implemented? design What is a functional requirement? Relates directly to a process a system has to perform or information it needs to contain What is a non-functional requirement? Refers to behavioral properties that the system must have, such as performance or usability Product Roadmap It is the initial product backlog (the master to-do list) What are User Stories? - Are a format to gather end-customer requirements. - Should document one action of value that an end user will achieve