Soc 100 (Purdue) Exam 3 Latest Update Graded A

Soc 100 (Purdue) Exam 3 Latest Update Graded A Education the process through which academic, social, and cultural ideas and tools, both general and specific, are developed. Hidden curriculum the nonacademic socialization and training that take place in the schooling system. Social capital any relationship between people that can facilitate the actions of others. Tracking a way of dividing students into different classes by ability or future plans. Credentialism an overemphasis on credentials (e.g., college degrees) for signaling social status or qualifications for a job. Affirmative Action a set of policies that grant preferential treatment to a number of particular subgroups within the population—typically, women and historically disadvantaged racial minorities. Social class an individual's position in a stratified social order Cultural capital symbolic and interactional resources that people use to their advantage in various situations. Stereotype threat when members of a negatively stereotyped group are placed in a situation where they fear they may confirm those stereotypes. Resource dilution model hypothesis stating that parental resources are finite and that each additional child dilutes them. Functional Illiteracy the inability to read or write well enough to function in society. Innumeracy having insufficient math skills to function in society. Coleman Report showed that two primary factors--family background and peers--explained differences in achievement among schools, rather than differences in school resources as had been expected. (1966) Functions of Schooling include educating and socializing students. Latent Function schools transmit values, beliefs, and attitudes that are important to society; socialization. Pygmalion Effect Symbolic Interactionist theory of education; self-fulfilling prophecy, process that occurs when behavior is modified to meet preexisting expectations; it has been shown that teachers can influence student performance through the expectations they set and their choice of instructional methods, which may include best practices. Capitalism economic system in which property and goods are primarily owned privately; investments are determined by private decisions; and prices, production, and the distribution of goods are determined primarily by competition in a free market. Feudalism economic system characterized by the presence of lords, vassals, serfs, and fiefs. Agricultural Revolution the introduction