AQA A Level Biology Chapter 1 Biological Molecules Verified 2024

AQA A Level Biology Chapter 1 Biological Molecules Verified 2024 Monosaccharides - Correct Answer - A single monomer of sugar. - Formula = CnH2nO6 - Examples: Glucose, fructose, galactose. Alpha Glucose - Correct Answer - Hydroxyl (OH) group on the bottom of carbon-1. Beta Glucose - Correct Answer - Hydroxyl (OH) group on the top of carbon-1. Disaccharides - Correct Answer - Carbohydrates that are made up of two monosaccharides. - Formed by a glycosidic bond through a condensation reaction. - Water is formed. - Examples: Maltose (glucose + glucose), Sucrose (glucose + fructose), Lactose (glucose + galactose). Condensation reaction - Correct Answer A reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a small molecule, usually water; also called dehydration reaction. Polysaccharides - Correct Answer - Polymers containing many monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds. - Formed by condensation reactions. - used as an energy store and structural components. - Starch, cellulose and glycogen. Starch - Correct Answer - Made of alpha glucose monosaccharides. - Alpha glucose - Arranged into amylose and amylopectin. - Major carboydrate storage in in plants.