Sarah Michelle Eyes Crash course quiz questions with answers; Sarah Crash Course: Pediatrics study guide

Sarah Michelle Eyes Crash course quiz questions with answers; Sarah Crash Course: Pediatrics study guide Sarah Michelle Eyes Crash course quiz questions with answers; Sarah Crash Course: Pediatrics study guide A parent brings their 5-year-old son into the clinic with complaints that he is not able to distinguish between various colors on his school assignments. He also seems to have an increased sense of smell. Upon exam, his visual acuity is 20/40. Which of the following is the most appropriate action for the nurse practitioner to perform next? - The correct answer is the Ishihara test. Color blindness is an often inherited color vision deficiency. Color blindness involves the inability to distinguish between shades of red and green. A common test used to diagnose color blindness is the Ishihara test, which is a vision test used for the detection of red-green color deficiencies. Which of the following eye complaints is most likely seen in a patient with diabetic retinopathy? - The correct answer is cotton wool spots. Common findings on a diabetic eye exam consist of cotton wool spots, microaneurysms, neovascularization, and possibly dot/blot hemorrhages. While there can be some overlap between diabetes and hypertension eye exam findings, cotton wool spots are most commonly seen in those with diabetes. A parent brings their 5-year-old son to the clinic with complaints of his right eye burning and redness over the last few days. Over the last 24 hours, the same symptoms have begun in his left eye. During the physical exam, the patient's eyes appear reddened bilaterally with no purulent exudate. The patient's throat is slightly erythematous, and he has clear nasal drainage. The patient has bilateral preauricular lymphadenopathy. Which of the following is the most likely differential diagnosis? - The correct answer is viral conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis can present with or without a cold, flu, or other respiratory symptoms. It typically starts unilaterally and spreads to the other eye, typically within a few days. In viral conjunctivitis, discharge from the eye is normally described as watery. Preauricular lymph node involvement is also common with viral cases of conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis treatment consists of symptomatic treatment and usually resolves on its own within 7-14 days. An 80-year-old patient comes in today for an annual exam. The nurse practitioner notes a triangular thickening of the conjunctiva on the left side by the nasal bridge that is noted to be encroaching on the cornea. She has no complaints of vision changes or eye discomfort Sarah Crash Course: Pediatrics study guide When should we expect child to set up without assistance - 6 months old When should child hold a spoon - 15-18 months old Standing - 9 months old A little start of separation anxiety - 9 months Walking - 12-17 months Momma and Dadda with meaning - One year copy circle, throwing ball, riding tricycle (all the circles) - 3 years Draw a cross - 4 , cross has four points Riding an actual bicycle - 5-6 years old When does palmer grasp go away - 5-6 months old Anterior fontanel closes - 12-18 months old Posterior fontanel closure - 2-3 months Strabismus should go away by - 4-6 months old when should genu varum go away by (bow legged) - Resovles on own by 2-3 years old Reflexes may be delayed in premature baby. How long does it take baby to catch up when they are born prematurely - By two year old they should be caught up Reflexes present at birht - rooting tonic neck babinski morrow grasp reflex stepping reflex When do we expect birth weight to double - 6months Birth weight tripled? - One year How do we know if infant is breast feeding - 6-8 wet diapers a day and gaining weight appropriate If breast fed need what supplement? - vitamin D supplement When can you start live vaccines (MMR , Varicella) - 12 months old , Never early. 15 - Newborn bilirubin level greater than what indicates need for phototherapy Child has white reflex (leukocoria) on fundoscopic exam - -Congenital cataract -Retinoblastoma Common time to see regression in children - Big changes or stressors Older child (7ish) start soiling their pants and having abdominal complaints - May appear to be regression but not always. May be constipation. Tanner Stage One and Stage Five, males and females - One- Nothing Five- Everything Tanner Stage Two For Girls - Breast budding Tanner Stage Three Girls - One mound Tanner Stage 4 Girls - Two mounds AND start of period Tanner Stage Two Boys - Sparse pubic hair possibly Tanner stage three boys (big stage for boys) - Penis grows most in length, growth spurt starts What stage does puberty start - stage 2 Precocious puberty: Start of puberty before what ages requires endocrinology referral - 8Females 9 Males Failure to h