CMMB 413 Final Exam Actual Questions and Answers with complete solution

CMMB 413 Final Exam Actual Questions and Answers with complete solution Types of DNA Variation - answer- single nucleotide variant (SNV) - small nucleotide insertion/deletion - dynamic mutations - microsatellite - copy number variation (CNV) Single Nucleotide Variants (SNVs) - answer- most common type of sequence variation - >3 000 000 per person - can be benign or disease causing Initiation Codon (Start Codon) - answerAUG (methionine) Stop Codons - answerUGA, UAA, UAG 20 - answernumber of amino acids 64 - answernumber of different codons SNV Effects - answer- nucleotide substitutions within genes - duplications/deletions Types of Nucleotide Substitutions - answer- silent (synonymous) - missense (non-synonymous) - nonsense - read through Silent/Synonymous Substitutions - answerDNA sequence change doesn't alter the amino acid coded Missense/Non-synonymous Substitution - answerDNS sequence change alters the amino acid coded Nonsense Substitution - answerDNA sequence change results in a stop codon Readthrough/Nonstop Substitution - answerDNA sequence change results in a stop codon loss Frameshift Mutation - answer- results from small duplications/deletions - number of bases is not divisible by multiples of 3 Dynamic Mutations - answer- major cause of neurological disord