SLP Praxis Questions and Answers Already Passed

SLP Praxis Questions and Answers Already Passed What are Piaget's stages of cognitive development? Sensorimotor (0-2) Preoperational (2-7) Concrete (7-11) Formal (11+) What are the muscles involved in inspiration? Diaphragm External intercostal muscles: raise the ribs up and out Serrates posterior superior: elevates rib cage Levator costarium brevis: elevates rib cage Levator costarum logies: elevates rib cage What are the muscles involved in expiration? Internal intercostal muscles Latissimus dorsi Rectum abdominis Transverse abdominis Internal oblique abdominal Quadrates lumborum What structures are involved in respiration? Lungs Bronchi Trachea Spinal column Sternum: manubrium, corpus, xiphoid process Rib cage What is the myoelastic-aerodynamic theory? It's a theory of phonation. VF closure -> build up of sub glottal air pressure -> pressure blows the folds apart -> folds vibrate -> air moves through glottal opening, decreasing pressure -> folds sucked back together. What are the laryngeal cartilages? Hyoid bone Epiglottis Thyroid cartilage Cricoid cartilage Arytenoids Corniculates Discuss the vocal folds, aryepiglottic folds and ventricular folds. Vocal folds: They have three layers Epithelium: the outer cover. Lamina propia: the middle. Vocalis muscle: the body Aryepiglottic folds: They go from arytenoids to larynx. Help preserve airway. Ventricular folds: Sometimes vibrate with low frequencies. What are the intrinsic muscles involved in phonation? internal thyroarytenoid: it's the primary portion of thryoarynteoid muscles. it vibrates and produces sounds. cricothyroid: lengthens and tenses vocal folds. oblique and transverse arytenoid: contract and pull arynteoids together for adduction. posterior cricoarynteoid: abducts lateral cricoarytenoid: