aPHR test study guide- Employee Relations ( 16%)

aPHR test study guide- Employee Relations ( 16%) Mergers and Acquisitions - Answer ️️ -When organizations join forces through mergers ( two companies becoming one) and acquisitions ( one company buying another) HRM should have a significant role in carrying out a merger or acquisition, training efforts should include development of skills in conflict resolution, sorting out differences in the two companies practices with regard to compensation, performance appraisal, and other HR systems. Settling on a consistent structure to meet the combined organization's goals may help to bring employees together Reengineering - Answer ️️ -A complete review of the organization's critical work processes to make them more efficient and able to deliver higher quality Downsizing - Answer ️️ -The planned elimination of large numbers of personnel with the goal of enhancing the organization's competitiveness How is HRM affected by the diversity of the labor force in the US - Answer ️️ -Employers need to create HRM practices that ensure they fully utilize the talents, skills, and values of all employees. As a result, organization's cannot afford to ignore or discount the potential contributions of women and minorities. Employers will have to ensure that employees and HRM systems are free of bias and value the perspectives and experience that women and minorities can contribute to organizational goals such as product quality and customer service. Expanding into global markets - Answer ️️ - Psychological Contract - Answer ️️ -A description of what an employee expects to contribute in an employment relationship and what the employer will provide the employee in exchange for those contributions. ( the psychological contract is not formally put into words . Instead, it describes unspoken expectations that are widely held by employers and employees ) Traditional Psychological contract versus the New psychological contract - Answer ️️ -In the traditional version, organizations expected their employees to contribute time, effort, skills,abilities, and loyalty in exchange for job security and opportunities for promotion. Today, modern organization's' needs are constantly changing, so organization's are requiring top performance and longer work hours but cannot provide job security. Instead, employees are looking for flexible work schedules, comfortable working conditions, greater autonomy, opportunities for training and development, and performance-related financial incentives. Grievance procedure - Answer ️️ -The process for resolving Union-management conflicts over interpretation or violation of a collective bargaining agreement Employee turnover - Answer ️️ -Employees leaving the organization Involuntary turnover - Answer ️️ -Turnover initiated by and employer( often with employees who would prefer to stay ( most organizations use the word termination ) Voluntary turnover - Answer ️️ -Turnover initiated by employees ( often when the organization would prefer to keep them ) Outcome Fairness - Answer ️️ -A judgement that the consequences given to employees are just Procedural Justice - Answer ️️ -A judge