Cryptography and Network Security Principles and Practice 8th Edition, William Stallings (SOLUTION MANUAL, 2024), All Chapters 1-20 Covered |Latest Complete Guide A+.

Cryptography and Network Security Principles and Practice 8th Edition, William Stallings (SOLUTION MANUAL, 2024), All Chapters 1-20 Covered, Latest Guide A+. TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1: Introduction..............................................................................................5 Chapter 2: Classical Encryption Techniques ............................................................7 Chapter 3: Block Ciphers and the Date Encryption Standard .............................. 13 Chapter 4: Finite Fields ............................................................................................ 21 Chapter 5: Advanced Encryption Standard ........................................................... 28 Chapter 6: More on Symmetric Ciphers ................................................................. 33 Chapter 7: Confidentiality Using Symmetric Encryption..................................... 38 Chapter 8: Introduction to Number Theory ........................................................... 42 Chapter 9: Public-Key Cryptography and RSA ..................................................... 46 Chapter 10: Key Management; Other Public-Key Cryptosystems ......................... 55 Chapter 11: Message Authentication and Hash Functions ..................................... 59 Chapter 12: Hash and MAC Algorithms .................................................................. 62 Chapter 13: Digital Signatures and Authentication Protocols................................ 66 Chapter 14: Authentication Applications ................................................................. 71 Chapter 15: Electronic Mail Security......................................................................... 73 Chapter 16: IP Security............................................................................................... 76 Chapter 17: Web Security........................................................................................... 80 Chapter 18: Intruders ................................................................................................. 83 Chapter 19: Malicious Software................................................................................. 87 Chapter 20: Firewalls.................................................................................................. 89 -6- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS 1.1 The OSI Security Architecture is a framework that provides a systematic way of defining the requirements for security and characterizing the approaches to satisfying those requirements. The document defines security attacks, mechanisms, and services, and the relationships among these categories. 1.2 Passive attacks have to do with eavesdropping on, or monitoring, transmissions. Electronic mail, file transfers, and client/server exchanges are examples of transmissions that can be monitored. Active attacks include the modification of transmitted data and attempts to gain unauthorized access to computer systems. 1.3 Passive attacks: release of message contents and traffic analysis. Active attacks: masquerade, replay, modification of messages, and denial of service. 1.4 Authentication: The assurance that the communicating entity is the one that it claims to be. Access control: The prevention of unauthorized use of a resource (i.e., this service controls who can have access to a resource, under what conditions access can occur, and what those accessing the resource are allowed to do). Data confidentiality: The protection of data from unauthorized disclosure. Data integrity: The assurance that data received are exactly as sent by an authorized entity (i.e., contain no modification, insertion, deletion, or replay). Nonrepudiation: Provides protection against denial by one of the entities involved in a communication of having participated in all or part of the communication. Availability service: The property of a system or a system resource being accessible and usable upon demand by an authorized system entity, according to performance specifications for the system (i.e., a system is available if it provides services according to the system design whenever users request them). 1.5 See Table 1.3. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION -7- ANSWERS TO PROBLEMS 1.1 Release of message contents Traffic analysis Masquerade Replay Modificatio n of messages Denial of service Peer entity authentication Y Data origin authentication Y Access control Y Confidentiality Y Traffic flow confidentiality Y Data integrity Y Y Non-repudiation Y Availability Y 1.2 Release of message contents Traffic analysis Masquerade Replay Modificatio n of messages Denial of service Encipherment Y Digital signature Y Y Y Access control Y Y Y Y Y Data integrity Y Y Authentication exchange Y Y Y Y Traffic padding Y Routing control Y Y Y Notarization Y Y Y -8- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS 2.1 Plaintext, encryption algorithm, secret key, ciphertext, decryption algorithm. 2.2 Permutation and substitution. 2.3 One key for symmetric ciphers, two keys for asymmetric ciphers. 2.4 A stream cipher is one that encrypts a digital data stream one bit or one byte at a time. A block cipher is one in which a block of plaintext is treated as a whole and used to produce a ciphertext block of equal length. 2.5 Cryptanalysis and brute force. 2.6 Ciphertext only. One possible attack under these circumstances is the brute-force approach of trying all possible keys. If the key space is very large, this becomes impractical. Thus, the opponent must rely on an analysis of the ciphertext itself, generally applying various statistical tests to it. Known plaintext. The analyst may be able to capture one or more plaintext messages as well as their encryptions. With this knowledge, the analyst may be able to deduce the key on the basis of the way in which the known plaintext is transformed. Chosen plaintext. If the analyst is able to choose the messages to encrypt, the analyst may deliberately pick patterns that can be expected to reveal the structure of the key.