Abnormal Psychology Chapter 9, Core Concepts, Butcher, Mineka, Hooley.

Personality Disorders - A person's enduring pattern of behavior must be pervasive and inflexible, as well as stable and of long duration. It must also cause either clinically significant distress or impairment in functioning and be manifested in at least two of the following areas: cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control. Cluster A Personality Disorders - People with these disorders often seem odd or eccentric, with unusual behavior ranging from distrust and suspiciousness to social detachment. Includes paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders. Cluster B Personality Disorders - Individuals with these disorders share a tendency to be dramatic, emotional, and erratic. Includes the following: Histrionic Personality Disorder,Narcissistic Personality Disorder, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder Cluster C Personality Disorders - Individuals with these disorders often show anxiety and fearfulness. Includes the following: Avoidant Personality Disorder, Dependent Personality Disorder,Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder. Paranoid Personality Disorder - A pervasive suspiciousness and distrust of others, leading to numerous interpersonal difficulties. Schizoid Personality Disorder - Individuals with this disorder display evidence of a pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings. Schizotypal Personality Disorder - A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and behavioral eccentricities. Histrionic Personality Disorder - A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking. Narcissistic Personality Disorder - A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy and behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy. Antisocial Personality Disorder - An Individual with this disorder continually violates and show disregard for the rights of others through deceitful, aggressive, or antisocial behavior, typically without remorse or loyalty to anyone. Borderline Personality Disorder - A pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity. Avoidant Personality Disorder - A pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. Dependent Personality Disorder - A pervasive and excessive need to be taken care of that leads to submissive and clinging behavior and fears of separation. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder - A pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control. Dialectical Behavior Therapy - Used in treating "Borderline Personality Disorders", it combines individual and group components, with the group setting focusing more on training in interpersonal skills, emotion regulation, and stress tolerance.