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The Infant of a Diabetic Mother

Sept 2019

, The Infant of a Diabetic Mother
• Is infant born to a mother with diabetes or
gestational diabetes, severity of the problem
depend on the severity of maternal diabetes.
• Altered physiology: hyperinsulinemia in utero
secondary to decreased epinephrine and
glucose response result in the following in the
infant:

, Altered physiology
• Amount of body fat.
• Hypoglycemia can occur immediately or
within 2-12 hours post delivery.
• IDM may symptomatic or not with blood
glucose below 20 mg/dl.
• Hypocalcemia: associated with prematurity,
difficult labor and or asphyxia at birth, can
occur during first 24-48 h after birth.
• Birth trauma such as cephallhematom due to
large size of infant.

, Altered physiology cont…
• Hyperbilirubinemia: occur 48-72 h due to
immature liver and inability to conjugate
bilirubin.
• Prematurity or SGA associated with placental
insufficiency.
• Respiratory problems may occur.
• Polycythemia: HCT more than 65% or Hb%
22gm/dl, which the risk of thrombosis, RDS,
hypoglycemia & hypocalcemia.
• Congenital anomalies: (cardiac & skeletal).
• Infection.