PAX Science NLN Exam 2024 Questions and Answers (Graded A)

PAX Science NLN Exam 2024 Questions and Answers (Graded A) Cell - answerthe smallest living unit and the basic unit of function and structure for all living things. Nucleus - answercontains the genetic information, or DNA, and controls the activities of the cell. Plasma (cell) membrane - answerseparates the contents of the cell from the surrounding fluid (interstitial fluid) Semipermeable membrane - answerrefers to the selective nature of the plasma membrane. It contains pores and channels that allow only particles of the right size or the right chemical nature to pass through. Interstitial fluide - answercontains substances such as amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, hormones, neurotransmitters, and salts. Cytoplasm - answeris the fluid matrix found between the plasma membrane and the nucleus that acts as scaffolding for the organelles. Organelles - answer(little organs) are specialized units in the cell that per form certain functions. Mitochondria - answerare the locations for cellular respiration, that is, the conversion of food to energy at the cellular level. The site of energy production and of most of its ATP. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - answerthe chemical the cell uses to store and transfer energy within itself. Ribosomes - answerare the sites of protein synthesis in the cell Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - answerRibosomes are attached. Serves as a means for transport within the cell and is made up of many channels. Rough endoplasmic reticulum named for the fact that it has ribosomes on its surface, serves to store and deliver the proteins made by the attached ribosomes. Smooth ER is free of ribosomes it performs varying functions in different cells, including the storage of enzymes and minerals and the folding of proteins, among other things. It is thought to be involved in the detoxification of chemicals and the metabolism of fats.