PC707 Module 4 Exam Questions and Answers

PC707 Module 4 Exam Questions and Answers Thiazide Diuretic Examples - Answer ️️ -Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) Chlorthalidone Thiazide Diuretic Indications - Answer ️️ -HTN, edema Thiazide Diuretic MOA - Answer ️️ -Promotes sodium and water excretion by inhibiting Na and Cl reabsorption in the early segment of the distal convoluted terminal of the nephron Thiazide Diuretic Risks - Answer ️️ -Hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hyperuricemia (gout), hyperglycemia (DM), hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia, increased LDL/total cholesterol, and triglycerides, decreased HDLs Risk of orthostatic hypotension Skin photosensitivity What can Thiazide Diuretics Enhance the toxic or adverse effects of? - Answer ️️ -Cardiac glycosides like Digoxin Thiazide Diuretic Special Considerations - Answer ️️ -May help with bone loss in post- menopausal women On the Beers list and may be inappropriate for those over 65, as there's a potential for SIADH and hyponatremia. You must monitor their sodium levels. Thiazide Diuretic Monitoring - Answer ️️ -Serum electrolytes and renal function, BP, fluid status, weight, and gout. Thiazide Diuretics in Black Patients - Answer ️️ -Recommended for Black adults with HTN but without HF or CKD, including those with DM. This should be the initial treatment, or a calcium channel blocker. Loop Diuretic Examples - Answer ️️ -Furosemide (Lasix) Loop Diuretic Indications - Answer ️️ -Pulmonary edema, edema of cardiac, hepatic, or renal origin, HTN that doesn't respond to other diuretic classes Furosemide (Lasix) MOA - Answer ️️ -Blocks the reabsorption of Na and Cl in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle Furosemide (Lasix) Risks - Answer ️️ -· Hypokalemia, · hyponatremia, · hypochloremia, [Dehydration] · hyperuricemia [gout], · hyperglycemia [DM], · hypomagnesaemia · hypercalcemia, · ↑ LDL/total chol, triglycerides & · ↓HDL Postural hypotension Furosemide (Lasix) Drug-to-Drug Interactions - Answer ️️ -D2D interactions: (Digoxin, lithium, ototoxic drugs) · Enhance the adverse/toxic effects of Digoxin, decrease lithium levels) · NSAIDS may decrease the effects of loop diuretics. · Ototoxicity (transient with furosemide; irreversible with ethacrynic acid)-see details about risk in textbook and Lexicomb Furosemide (Lasix) Cardiac Considerations - Answer ️️ -Lasix has a Risk of TdP Under Certain Conditions - hypokalemia, overdose Furosemide (Lasix) BBW - Answer ️️ -Furosemide is a potent diuretic that, if given in excessive amounts, can lead to a profound diuresis with water and electrolyte depletion. Furosemide (Lasix) Special Considerations - Answer ️️ -Monitor electrolytes, renal function, BP, fluid status, and weight regularly. Add PO (oral) KCl when indic