PP2
AQA
A-level
BIOLOGY
7402/2
Paper 2
Mark scheme
June 2023
Version: 1.0 Final
,Mark schemes are prepared by the Lead Assessment Writer and considered, together with
the relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any
amendments made at the standardisation events which all associates participate in and is
the scheme which was used by them in this examination. The standardisation process
ensures that the mark scheme covers the students’ responses to questions and that every
associate understands and applies it in the same correct way.
As preparation for standardisation each associate analyses a number of students’ scripts.
Alternative answers not already covered by the mark scheme are discussed and legislated
for. If, after the standardisation process, associates encounter unusual answers which have
not been raised they are required to refer these to the Lead Examiner.
It must be stressed that a mark scheme is a working document, in many cases further
developed and expanded on the basis of students’ reactions to a particular paper.
Assumptions about future mark schemes on the basis of one year’s document should be
avoided; whilst the guiding principles of assessment remain constant, details will change,
depending on the content of a particular examination paper.
Further copies of this mark scheme are available from aqa.org.uk
Copyright information
AQA retains the copyright on all its publications. However, registered schools/colleges for AQA are permitted to copy material from this
booklet for their own internal use, with the following important exception: AQA cannot give permission to schools/colleges to photocopy
any material that is acknowledged to a third party even for internal use within the centre.
,Copyright © 2023 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved.
, Mark scheme instructions to examiners
1. General
The mark scheme for each question shows:
• the marks available for each part of the question
• the total marks available for the question
• the typical answer or answers which are expected
• extra information to help the examiner make his or her judgement and help to
delineate what is acceptable or not worthy of credit or, in discursive answers, to
give an overview of the area in which a mark or marks may be awarded.
The extra information in the ‘Comments’ column is aligned to the appropriate
answer in the left- hand part of the mark scheme and should only be applied to
that item in the mark scheme.
At the beginning of a part of a question a reminder may be given, for example:
where consequential marking needs to be considered in a calculation; or the
answer may be on the diagram or at a different place on the script.
In general the right-hand side of the mark scheme is there to provide those extra
details which confuse the main part of the mark scheme yet may be helpful in
ensuring that marking is straightforward and consistent.
2. Emboldening
2.1 In a list of acceptable answers where more than one mark is available ‘any
two from’ is used, with the number of marks emboldened. Each of the
following bullet points is a potential mark.
2.2 A bold and is used to indicate that both parts of the answer are required to
award the mark.
2.3 Alternative answers acceptable for the same mark are indicated by the use
of OR. Different terms in the mark scheme are shown by a / ; eg allow
smooth / free movement.
3. Marking points
3.1 Marking of lists
This applies to questions requiring a set number of responses, but for which
students have provided extra responses. The general principle to be followed
in such a situation is that ‘right + wrong = wrong’.
Each error / contradiction negates each correct response. So, if the number of
errors / contradictions equals or exceeds the number of marks available for
the question, no marks can be awarded.
However, responses considered to be neutral (often prefaced by
‘Ignore’ in the ‘Comments’ column of the mark scheme) are not
penalised.
AQA
A-level
BIOLOGY
7402/2
Paper 2
Mark scheme
June 2023
Version: 1.0 Final
,Mark schemes are prepared by the Lead Assessment Writer and considered, together with
the relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any
amendments made at the standardisation events which all associates participate in and is
the scheme which was used by them in this examination. The standardisation process
ensures that the mark scheme covers the students’ responses to questions and that every
associate understands and applies it in the same correct way.
As preparation for standardisation each associate analyses a number of students’ scripts.
Alternative answers not already covered by the mark scheme are discussed and legislated
for. If, after the standardisation process, associates encounter unusual answers which have
not been raised they are required to refer these to the Lead Examiner.
It must be stressed that a mark scheme is a working document, in many cases further
developed and expanded on the basis of students’ reactions to a particular paper.
Assumptions about future mark schemes on the basis of one year’s document should be
avoided; whilst the guiding principles of assessment remain constant, details will change,
depending on the content of a particular examination paper.
Further copies of this mark scheme are available from aqa.org.uk
Copyright information
AQA retains the copyright on all its publications. However, registered schools/colleges for AQA are permitted to copy material from this
booklet for their own internal use, with the following important exception: AQA cannot give permission to schools/colleges to photocopy
any material that is acknowledged to a third party even for internal use within the centre.
,Copyright © 2023 AQA and its licensors. All rights reserved.
, Mark scheme instructions to examiners
1. General
The mark scheme for each question shows:
• the marks available for each part of the question
• the total marks available for the question
• the typical answer or answers which are expected
• extra information to help the examiner make his or her judgement and help to
delineate what is acceptable or not worthy of credit or, in discursive answers, to
give an overview of the area in which a mark or marks may be awarded.
The extra information in the ‘Comments’ column is aligned to the appropriate
answer in the left- hand part of the mark scheme and should only be applied to
that item in the mark scheme.
At the beginning of a part of a question a reminder may be given, for example:
where consequential marking needs to be considered in a calculation; or the
answer may be on the diagram or at a different place on the script.
In general the right-hand side of the mark scheme is there to provide those extra
details which confuse the main part of the mark scheme yet may be helpful in
ensuring that marking is straightforward and consistent.
2. Emboldening
2.1 In a list of acceptable answers where more than one mark is available ‘any
two from’ is used, with the number of marks emboldened. Each of the
following bullet points is a potential mark.
2.2 A bold and is used to indicate that both parts of the answer are required to
award the mark.
2.3 Alternative answers acceptable for the same mark are indicated by the use
of OR. Different terms in the mark scheme are shown by a / ; eg allow
smooth / free movement.
3. Marking points
3.1 Marking of lists
This applies to questions requiring a set number of responses, but for which
students have provided extra responses. The general principle to be followed
in such a situation is that ‘right + wrong = wrong’.
Each error / contradiction negates each correct response. So, if the number of
errors / contradictions equals or exceeds the number of marks available for
the question, no marks can be awarded.
However, responses considered to be neutral (often prefaced by
‘Ignore’ in the ‘Comments’ column of the mark scheme) are not
penalised.
