Anthropology 101 final with verified solution 2023/2024

Anthropology 101 Final Exam Anthropology - correct answer The scientific and humanistic study of human beings encompassing the evolutionary history of humanity, physical variation among humans, the study of past societies, and the comparative study of current-day human societies and cultures. Ethnocentrism - correct answer Judging other cultures from the perspective of one's own culture. The notion that one's own culture is more beautiful, rational, and nearer to perfection than any other. Cultural Relativism - correct answer The idea that cultures should be analyzed with reference to their own histories and values rather than according to the values of another culture. Holism (Holistic) - correct answer In anthropology, an approach that considers the study of culture, history, language, and biology essential to a complete understanding of human society. Cultural Anthropology - correct answer The study of human thought, behavior, and lifeways that are learned rather than genetically transmitted and that are typical of groups of people. Ethnography - correct answer The major research tool of cultural anthropology, including both fieldwork among people in a society and the written results of such fieldwork. Ethnology - correct answer The attempt to find general principles or laws that govern cultural phenomena through the comparison of cultures. Enculturation - correct answer The process of learning to be a member of a particular group. Functionalism - correct answer A theoretical position in anthropology that focuses on finding general laws that identify different elements of society, showing how they relate to each other, and demonstrating their role in maintaining social order.