CSMLS Important equations, Safety & Quality questions and answers well illustrated.

CSMLS Important equations, Safety & Quality questions and answers well illustrated. Corrected reticulocyte count - correct answers.% retics x HCT / 45 Corrected WBC count - correct answers.WBC x 100 / NRBCs + 100 Manual RBC or WBC count on a hemacytometer - correct ge x dilution factor / 0.4 / 1000 *four squares counted Mean Cell Volume (MCV) - correct answers.HCT / RBC count 80-100 fL Mean Cell Hemoglobin (MCH) - correct answers.HGB / RBC count 26-34 pg Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) - correct answers.HGB / HCT 320-360 g/L Absolute WBC count - correct WBC x % specific cells What is the rule of 3? - correct answers.RBC x 3 = HGB x 3 = HCT Reticulocyte Production Index (RPI) - correct answers.(pt HCT/mean HCT) (retic count/maturation time) Adjusted citrate calculation - correct answers.(1.85 x 10^3) (100-pt HCT) (volume) What is the principle of electrical impedance (direct current)? - correct answers.Cells do not conduct electricity but are suspended in fluid that does. As they pass between 2 electrodes, the cells impede the current and generate a pulse What pH is maintained in a Wright/Wright-Giemsa stain? - correct answers.6.4-6.8 What is VCS technology? - correct answers.Provides 5 part WBC differential -Volume: low frequency "Coulter principle" to measure & size cells -Conductivity: CW is conductor to high frequency current, allowing it to pass through cell membrane & measure nuclear/granular constituents and chemical composition -Light Scatter: flow cytometry and laser measure granularity, nuclear appearance & cell surface characteristics (forward-size; side-internal) What is Hydrodynamic focusing? - correct answers.Used alongside direct current detection. Cuts down on coincidence counting by counting RBC/PLT in a dedicated channel What is the principle of Fluorescent optical platelets (PLT-O)? - correct answers.Uses fluorescent flow cytometry via reticulocyte channel to include PLTs into the count and exclude RBC fragments -Giant PLT: higher fluorescent intensity -RBC frag: lower fluorescent intensity How are NRBCs and WBCs differentiated on automated analyzers? - correct answers.NRBC channel uses lysing agent and fluorescent dye. WBCs bind a larger amount of dye than NRBCs and demonstrate a high intensity fluorescence How long can EDTA samples for Hematology be stored prior to testing? - correct answers.24 hours at RT and in fridge for 48 hours Albumin/Globulin ratio - correct answers.Alb/ TP-Alb Creatinine clearance - correct answers.U/P x V(mL)/T(sec) x 1.73/A = mL/s/1.73m2 Anion gap - correct answers.Na - (Cl + HCO3) 7-16 mmol/L Osmolal Gap - correct answers.Measured osmo - calculated osmo < 10 mOsm/kg