Advanced Med Surg Exam 1 Study Set
What are the beta adrenergic receptors? -B1: inotropy (force of contraction), dromotropy (speed of conduction), chronotropy (heart rate) -B2: bronchodilation What are the normal heart sounds? Abnormal? -S1 (lub) -S2 (dub) -S3 is abnormal (sounds like Kentucky) "lub dub tee" -S4 (Tenessee) "tub lub dub" -Murmurs: either 1 (barely audible) or 4 (easily audible and associated with thrill) or 6 (can be heard with stethoscope off chest wall) What are risk factors of CAD? -nomodifiable risk factors -modifiable risk factors: elevated serum lipids -hypertension (140/90): stage 1, stage 2, prehypertension=JNC 7 (guidelines for monitoring BP), JNC 8 (updated guidelines) -tobacco use (secondhand smoke too) -physical inactivity -obesity -diabetes -metabolic syndrome -alcohol use What are the five risk components to metabolic syndrome (Syndrome x)? -wast circumference: greater/equal to 40 cm for males, 35 cm for females -triglycerides over 150 -HDL less than 40 for females, 50 for males -fasting blood sugar over 110 -SBP over 130, over 85 DBP -if have 3/5 risks-could develop DM, stroke, CVD What does a normal lipid panel look like? -cholesterol: under 200 -triglyceride: under 150 -LDL: under 100 -HDL: over 50
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