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training effect - An increase in functional capacity of muscles and other bodily tissues as a result of increased stress (overload) placed upon them. Homeostasis - The automatic tendency to maintain a relatively constant internal environment. Metabolism - The total of all the chemical and physical processes by which the body builds and maintains itself (anabolism) and by which it breaks down its substances for the production of energy (catabolism). Glucose - Principal circulating sugar in the blood and the major energy source of the body. ketone bodies - Bodies produced as intermediate products of fat metabolism. lactic acid - A by-product of glucose and glycogen metabolism in anaerobic muscle energetics. Amino acid - The building blocks of protein. There are 24 amino acids, which form countless number of different proteins