Week 1 - BIOS 242 Questions and Answers Already Passed

Week 1 - BIOS 242 Questions and Answers Already Passed Antoni van Leeuwenhoek father of microbiology Antoni van Leeuwenhoek he began making and using simple microscopes, and often made a new microscope for each specimen bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, algae, and small multicellular animals Leeuwenhoek's microorganism classifications bacteria and archaea unicellular and lack nuclei, much smaller than eukaryotes, found everywhere there is sufficient moisture, reproduce asexually bacteria peptidoglycan fungi eukaryotic (have membrane-bound nucleus), obtain food from other organisms, and possess cell walls two categories of fungi molds and yeasts molds multicellular; grow a long filaments; reproduce by sexual and asexual spores yeasts unicellular; reproduce asexually by budding; some produce sexual spores protozoa single celled eukaryotes, similar to animals in nutrient needs and cellular structures, live freely in water, asexual, most are capable of locomotion pseudopods cell extensions that flow in direction of travel cilia numerous short protrusions that propel organisms through its environment flagella extensions of a cell that are fewer, longer, and more whiplike than cilia algae can be unicellular or multicellular, photosynthetic, simple reproductive structures, and categorized based on pigmentation and composition of cell wall Aristotle who first proposed spontaneous generation spontaneous generation living things can arise from nonliving matter Redi's experiments -When decaying meat was kept isolated from flies, maggots never developed -Meat exposed to flies was soon infested -As a result, scientists began to doubt Aristotle's theory Needham's experiments -Scientists agreed that large animals could not arise spontaneously, but believed microbes could. -Needham's experiments with beef gravy and infusions of plant material reinforced this idea Figured the microbes needed food to eat in order to grow Why did Needham use plant material? Spallanzani's Experiments