QAL - Laws and Regulations Exam with 100% correct answers

QAL - Laws and Regulations Exam Define Integrated Pest Management - ANS the incorporation of various pest control techniques in a way that minimizes effects on human and environmental health while maximizing reductions to pest populations What is a key pest? - ANS pests that cause major damage on a regular basis; require regular control efforts to prevent damage What is an occasional pest? - ANS become pests once in a while due to life cycles, environmental conditions, or result of human activity What is a secondary pest? - ANS normally not problem pests but become problematic after key pests are controlled; can/will cause damage after control of key pests Define prevention of pests. - ANS Stopping pest populations before damage or treatment thresholds; weed/disease free seeding and mediums, disease/insect resistant genetics, sanitation practices, natural enemies Define suppression of pests. - ANS reduction of pest populations below economic injury threshold/to tolerable levels; can lower pest populations so natural enemies can maintain control; releasing biological agents, cultivation, etc. Define eradication of pests. - ANS total elimination of pest from designated area; very expensive and often limited success; eradication rarely supported unless it is an exotic or introduced pest Define economic injury thresholds. - ANS When damages from pests effect the economic return of the product; pesticide applications often based off of these thresholds Describe monitoring and its importance. - ANS detection and tracking of development of pests; key to building effective management programs; verifies pest presence and helps predict outbreaks; helps observe habits, life cycles, natural enemies, properly time applications, assess effectiveness of control measures Five components of all IPM programs? - ANS Identification, monitoring, use of EIL to determine management, prevention, and combining management tools when needed What are the IPM methods/control options? - ANS biological, chemical, mechanical/physical, cultural Define biological control methods? - ANS use of living control agents/natural enemies to control pest populations; parasites, pathogens, predators, competitors Define chemical control methods - ANS use of naturally occurring or synthetic pesticides; only used when necessary in combination with other methods; use of most selective pesticides to minimize detrimental effects to humans or environment Define mechanical/physical controls - ANS kill pest directly or make the environment unsuitable; ex.) rodent traps, mowing, sterilization, screens for birds Define cultural controls - ANS reduce pest establishment, reproduction, dispersal, and survival; ex.) changing irrigation, crop rotation Explain importance of evaluating pest management results. - ANS monitor after every treatment to learn if control activity was successful; to ensure levels reach tolerable levels and control was successful What IPM method of control is exclusion? - ANS mechanical/physical What is augmentation? - ANS form of biological control; rearing and releasing of natural enemies that are probably naturally occurring in the area but natural populations are too low to effectively control pest What pest control approach should you use if environmental conditions are beginning to favor the development of disease? - ANS prevention What pest control approach should you use if pest populations need to be lowered so natural enemies can take over and maintain control? - ANS suppression What pest control approach should you use if an invasive species is threatening crops in a new area? - ANS eradication Use of barriers, screens, fences, mesh is known as... - ANS exclusion Why is it important to track the life stage of pests you are trying to control? - ANS Successful control efforts must coincide with pest's most vulnerable life stage Monitor after every treatment to learn... - ANS whether the control activity was successful EPA - ANS Environmental Protection Agency - regulates all aspects of pesticide registration, sale, and use at federal levels thru laws in FIFRA; oversees and reviews state regulatory programs for compliance with federal requirements like WPS DPR - ANS Department of Pesticide Regulation - state lead agency for developing and implementing regulatory programs; regulates all aspects of sales and use to protect public and environment; includes certifying and licensing individuals and enforcing laws and regulations CAC - ANS County Agricultural Commissioners - certifies private pesticide applicators and enforces local pesticide use laws and regulations UC IPM - ANS University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program - works with DPR to develop certification study guides, exam questions, safety education, management guidelines, and other information CDFA - ANS California Dept of Food and Agriculture - ensures state food safety; protects from invasive species SPCB - ANS Structural Pest Control Board - certifies and licenses pest control applicators and businesses