WSU Biology 106 Exam 1 Questions And Aswers

WSU Biology 106 Exam 1 Questions And Aswers Three basic plant organs - ANSWER- roots, stems, leaves roots - ANSWER- Absorbs water and minerals from the ground. Anchors plant in ground. Stems - ANSWER- Carry substances between roots and leaves; provide support for plant; holds leaves up to sunlight leaves - ANSWER- The main photosynthetic organs of vascular plants. Nodes - ANSWER- the points at which leaves are attached internodes - ANSWER- the stem segments between nodes axillary bud - ANSWER- A structure that has the potential to form a lateral shoot, or branch. The bud appears in the angle formed between a leaf and a stem. terminal bud - ANSWER- bud at tip of a stem responsible for terminal growth petiole - ANSWER- The stalk of a leaf, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem. Three plant tissues - ANSWER- dermal, vascular, ground dermal tissue - ANSWER- tissue of the plant that makes up the waxy outer layer of the plant vascular tissue - ANSWER- Plant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body. ground tissue - ANSWER- tissue between the dermal tissue and vascular tissue of a non-woody plant that functions in photosynthesis, storage, and support Xylem - ANSWER- vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant Phloem - ANSWER- Living vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic substances throughout a plant parenchyma - ANSWER- Fundamental tissue composed of thin-walled living cells that function in photosynthesis and storage. Collenchyma - ANSWER- type of ground tissue cell with a strong, flexible cell wall; helps support larger plants Sclerenchyma - ANSWER- type of ground-tissue cell with an extremely thick, rigid cell wall that makes ground tissue tough and strong apical meristem - ANSWER- Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and in the buds of shoots that supplies cells for the plant to grow in length. lateral meristems - ANSWER- A meristem that thickens the roots and shoots of woody plants. The vascular cambium and cork cambium are lateral meristems. shoot apical meristem - ANSWER- dome-shaped mass of dividing cells at the shoot tip Gymnosperms and eudicots - ANSWER- vascular bundles are arranged in a ring Monocots - ANSWER- vascular bundles are scattered throughout the stem secondary growth - ANSWER- Growth produced by lateral meristems, which thickens the roots and shoots of woody plants. vascular cambium - ANSWER- A cylinder of meristematic tissue in woody plants that adds layers of secondary vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem. cork cambium - ANSWER- Lateral meristematic tissue that produces the outer covering of stems turgor pressure - ANSWER- The pressure that water molecules exert against the cell wall turgid - ANSWER- swollen, inflated flaccid - ANSWER- deflated, limp apoplastic route - ANSWER- water and solutes move along the continuum of cell walls and extracellular spaces Sympoplastic route - ANSWER- transport within the membrane active transport - ANSWER- Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration difference passive transport - ANSWER- the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell Bulk/mass flow - ANSWER- mass movement of liquid caused by pressure, gravity, or both Stomata - ANSWER- Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move phloem sap - ANSWER- a mixture of sugar, nutrients, and water that flows through phloem vessels in a plant transportation of sugar - ANSWER- loading, osmosis, phloem turgor pressure increase, water pressure push, unloading, water back into xylem Xylem movement - ANSWER- pull-powered Phloem movement - ANSWER- push-powered Soil contains - ANSWER- minerals, water, gases, living o