Long Term Memory (LTM) verified 2023/2024

Long Term Memory (LTM)]What is Long Term Memory - correct answer An archive of our past experiences and our accumulated knowledge including facts concepts and skills LTM also interacts with - correct answer working memory to create perceptual experiences and comprehensions Primacy effect - correct answer better memory for 1st few items then for the middle items Middle portion of Curve - correct answer These are the words that are the least remembered due to less rehearsal time and the fact STM can't remember the words AKA Asymptote Recency - correct answer Greater memory for remembering the last items than the middle Primacy effect and Number of rehearsals - correct answer There is a strong relationship between primacy and the number of rehearsals Evidence supporting two-store theory - correct answer Dissociating the primacy effect, asymptote and recency effects and demonstration that these portion of the curve reflect different memory processes. Glanzer and Cunitz (Primacy ) - correct answer studied the Primacy effect and asymptote Glanzer and Cunitz (Primacy ) Prediction - correct answer which portions of the curve should be affected by this presentation rate (Primacy and Middle portion of Curve) Glanzer and Cunitz (Primacy ) Resuts - correct answer Primacy effect and asymptote show greater recall for slower presentation No effect of presentation. Glanzer and Cunitz (Recency) - correct answer used a distractor task to effect STM Glanzer and Cunitz (Recency) Prediction - correct answer Distractor task will hold up the STM making them unable to hold items from the task in STM Glanzer and Cunitz (Recency) Results - correct answer Primacy effect and asymptote not affected recency effect wipped out Evidence supporting two- store theory - correct answer Coding differences between STM and LTM Coding for STM - correct answer Predominant code is phonological Coding for LTM - correct answer Predominant code is semantic Sachs (1967) study - correct answer subjects read a passage and were tested on recognition for sentence from the passage Sachs results - correct answer Many falsely recognize sentences that are semantically similar to study sentences differ predominant codes for STM and LTM Neuropsychological evidence - correct answer Double dissociation of STM and LTM Clive Wearing and H.M - correct answer Damage to hippocampus by disease (CW) and surgery (H.M) both had anterograde amnesia in ability to encode new memories Clive Wearing - correct answer also has retrograde amnesia in ability to retrieve earlier memories before the brain trauma K.F. (Shallice and Warrington,1970) - correct answer Damage to back side of parietal lobe from motorcycle accident K.F. STM - correct answer impaired a digital span of 2 and small recency effect. K.F.LTM - correct answer was okay K.F Conclusion - correct answer STM and LTM are different function that operate independently types of LTM - correct answer Explicit and Implicit Explicit - correct answer can retrieve info and are conscious about Episodic (personal events) Semantic (Facts Knowledge) Implicit - correct answer Not conscious- Your behavior is effected by an event from the past that just seems to happen/ Priming, procedural memory, conditioning Explicit (Declarative) Memory - correct answer refers to conscious recollection of stored information Episodic Memory - correct answer memory for personal experiences has time-related characteristics Auto Biographical experiences - correct answer Important to ones life narrative Semantic Memory - correct answer Memory for general world knowledge/ Facts, concepts, derived from personal experiences Case of the Italian Women - correct answer Impaired semantic memory; intactepisodic memory Encephalitis at age 44 damage done to anteromedial temporal lobe Italian Women problems - correct answer recognizing people and facts and word meaning K.C. and Italian Women - correct answer represent a double dissociation; evidence from brain imaging different patterns of neural activity during episodic and semantic task