BIOLOGY EXAM 5 WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS ALREADY GRADED A+

1) Which is NOT a benefit of the understanding of evolution to understanding the field of biology? A) Understanding evolution helps us to understand molecules. B) Understanding evolution helps us to analyze ecosystems. C) Understanding evolution helps advance biotechnology and medicine. D) Understanding evolution helps us to understand why stars and galaxies change over time. D 2) The common house mouse species, Mus musculus, has the following taxonomic classification: Mus, Muridae, Rodentia, Mammalia, Chordata, Animalia, Eukarya. Which part of the name is the Family? A) Rodentia B) Chordata C) Muridae D) Animalia C 3) ________ believed that use (or lack of use) of body parts enables individual to develop certain traits that it passes on to its offspring while ________ believed that species are fixed forms that do not change over time. A) Aristotle... Lamarck B) Lamarck... Aristotle C) Darwin... Aristotle D) Lamarck... Darwin B 4) Natural selection can be defined as ________. A) the evolution of a population of organisms B) a process in which changes in gene frequencies result from evolution C) the production of more offspring than can survive in a given environment D) a process in which organisms with certain inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other traits D 5) Natural selection ________. A) results in evolutionary adaptation B) is a very rare phenomenon C) does not affect allelic frequencies D) prepares organisms for future changes in the environment A 6) The first basic idea of evolutionary adaptation can be traced back to ________. A) ancient Greeks about 2,500 years ago B) Aristotle C) Lamarck D) Darwin C 7) Which of the following statements about the voyage of the Beagle is TRUE? A) Its purpose was to identify the fastest route from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. B) It lasted almost 2 years. C) It turned into a tremendous opportunity for Darwin to collect fossils, plants, and animals. D) It ended with the sinking of the ship off of the coast of Australia, almost 4 years into its journey. C 8) During his trip on the Beagle, Darwin found that ________. A) plants and animals living in temperate regions were most similar to each other, regardless of the continent on which they were found B) plants and animals living on a continent seemed more closely related to each other than to plants and animals living in similar regions on other continents C) fossils found on a particular continent were clearly not related to the plants and animals living on that continent today D) plants and animals were similar on every continent and in every type of region B 9) While on the Beagle, Darwin was influenced by a book by Charles Lyell that suggested that Earth was ________ and sculpted by geologic processes that ________ today. A) old... continue B) old... no longer occur C) young... continue D) young... no longer occur A 10) In The Origin of Species, Darwin argued that the mechanism of descent with modification was ________. A) artificial selection B) natural selection C) inheritance of acquired characteristics D) uniformitarianism B 11) Which of the following is a component of the fossil record? A) the distribution of murid rodents in Australia and Asia B) the similarity of the forelimbs of cats and bats C) molecular sequences D) bones of extinct whales D 12) The fossil record suggests that whales ________. A) are descended from one branch of marine reptiles B) are closely related to land mammals such as pigs, hippos, and cows C) are not closely related to dolphins and porpoises, despite a superficial similarity D) once had well-developed hind flippers B 13) Homology is evidence of ________. A) binomial classification B) artificial selection C) natural selection D) common ancestry D 14) Which of the following are homologous? A) the forelimb of a dog and the hindlimb of a cat B) the forelimb of a dog and the forelimb of a cat C) wings of a butterfly and wings of a sparrow D) the mouth of a mosquito and the beak of a hummingbird B 15) The similarity of the embryos of fish, frogs, birds, and humans is evidence of ________. A) analogy B) common ancestry C) genetic drift D) decreased genetic variation B 16) Natural selection generally results in ________. A) increased genetic variation B) a population that is better adapted to a future environment C) a population that is adapted to its current environment D) an increase in the size of a population C 17) Which of the following is NOT a requirement of natural selection? A) differential reproductive success B) overproduction of offspring C) genetic variation D) gene flow D 18) Which one of the following statements is TRUE? A) Natural selection works on variation already present in a population. B) Natural selection works on nonheritable traits. C) Individuals evolve through natural selection. D) Individual organisms evolve structures that they need. A 19) Which of the following is a population? A) the termites infesting your house along with the microorganisms living in their guts B) all of the termites that have ever lived C) all organisms living in your house D) the termites infesting your house D 20) Which one of the following can create new alleles? A) natural selection B) sexual reproduction C) mutation D) genetic drift C 21) The total collection of alleles in a population at any one time makes up that population's ________. A) gene pool B) genotype C) heterozygote frequency D) allele frequency A 22) If the frequency of one allele in a population is 0.7 in a population with two alleles at a particular locus, what is the frequency of the alternate allele? A) 0.09 B) 0.21 C) 0.30 D) 0.42 C 23) In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, what does p2 represent? A) frequency of the dominant allele B) frequency of heterozygotes C) frequency of the recessive allele D) frequency of the homozygotes for one allele D 24) In the Hardy-Weinberg formula, what does 2pq represent? A) frequency of the dominant allele B) frequency of heterozygotes C) frequency of the recessive allele D) frequency of the homozygous dominants B