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Positive Psychology 3rd Edition by Shane J. Lopez - Test Bank
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,Test BankChapter 1
Welcome to Positive Psychology
1. Robert Kennedy’s 1968 speech at the University of Kansas focused on which of the
following points?
a. the importance of achievement to well-being
*b. the things in life that make it worthwhile
c. an emphasis on more positive ways to raise children
d. the value of encouraging racial harmony
2. Traditional views of human nature have suffered from which of the following
biases?
a. What are the positive aspects of human nature?
*b. What are the negative aspects of human nature?
c. Why are people so selfish?
d. What are the biological foundations of personality?
3.
What are two benefits of focusing on “what is wrong with people”?
a.
Differentiating between normal and abnormal people and documenting the number of
abnormal
people
b.
Development of reliable descriptors of strengths and discovery of effective heath
promotion
strategies
c.
Encouraging research on “what is right with people” and discovery of effective
treatments of
mental illnesses
*d.
Development of reliable psychiatric diagnoses and discovery of effective treatments
of mental
illnesses
4. Which of the following has NOT been an emphasis of psychology since the Second
World War?
a. curing mental illness
b. making the lives of people more fulfilling
*c. improving the productivity of the work environment
d. identifying and nurturing high talent
5. The study of the development of mental illness has been greatly aided by which
of the following
events?
a. The Veterans Administration was created in 1946.
b. The American Psychological Association created a research wing in 1950.
c. The American Psychiatric Association published the DSM in 1942.
*d. The National Institute of Mental Health was created in 1947.
6. After the National Institute of Mental Health was created,
*a. research into the cause and treatment of mental illnesses was increased.
b. more beds were made available for inpatient treatment of mental illness.
,c. an increase in pharmaceuticals helped improve the quality of life of patients in
mental hospitals.
d. people with mental illness began to feel less stigmatized than they had
previously.
7. Until recently, two of the fundamental missions of psychology have been largely
forgotten. These two
were
a. nurturing “genius” and conducting research into the causes of mental illness.
*b. making the lives of all people better, and nurturing “genius.”
c. nurturing “genius” and understanding and treating mental illness.
d. making the lives of all people better, and understanding and treating mental
illness.
8. Until recently, human beings were largely seen as
a. passive products of their environment.
b. victims of childhood conflict.
c. a collection of damaged habits and drives.
*d. all of the above.
9. According to Martin Seligman, the work of the Presidential Task Force on
Prevention is to
a. increase secondary rates of prevention.
b. increased the number of professionals involved in prevention programs.
*c. identify the best practices in prevention.
d. increase the availability of prevention programs to poor people.
10. Which of the following is the goal of prevention programs?
a. creating a set of best practices in prevention
b. training the next generation of prevention psychologists
c. increasing the ways that psychology can help nurture highly talented children
d. all of the above are goals
11. The largest strides in prevention have largely come from
a. increasing the funding offered by the National Institute of Mental Health.
b. identifying the genetic vulnerabilities underlying the majority of mental
illnesses.
*c. building a science focused on systematically promoting the competence of
individuals.
d. the establishment of reporting protocols by medical and mental health
professionals.
12. Which of the following is NOT one of human strengths that is most likely to
help people buffer
against mental illness, according to Martin Seligman?
a. courage
b. work ethic
c. perseverance
*d. intelligence
13. According to Martin Seligman, children are now seen as
, *a. decision makers.
b. similar to adults, but less mature.
c. overwhelmed by modern society.
d. unable to control their own lives.
14. Viewing children as decision-makers is most likely to have the result of
a. predisposing them to depression resulting from unrealistic pressure.
*b. making them stronger and more productive.
c. increasing levels of stress and indecision.
d. making them happier and more carefree.
15. According to Martin Seligman viewing children as decision-makers can have the
effect of
a. helping them become masterful.
b. helping them become efficacious.
c. making them feel helpless and hopeless.
*d. Any of the above could result, depending on the circumstances.
16. The goals of your textbook include all of the following except
a. promoting the idea that the greatest good can come from a positive psychology
that is built on
research methodology.
b. increasing our level of understanding about the physiological, narrow
biological, and evolutionary
factors in human functioning
*c. emphasizing the continuing importance of theorists such as Freud and Skinner.
d. orienting students to the potential benefits of focusing on positive in daily
life and in psychological
research.
17. Developing an enduring philosophy of positive psychology is best served by
*a. building the field on scientific principles.
b. building the field on humanistic concepts such as unconditional positive regard.
c. focusing more on interpersonal factors than on biology.
d. focusing on the positive side of human nature, rather than the negative side.
178. According to your authors which of the following best describes the role of
evolution and
neurobiology in the development of positive psychology?
a. Evolution is a mechanistic view of human nature that is counterproductive to
developing a positive
psychology.
b. Evolution is an unproven view of human development and should be approached with
great caution.
*c. Evolution is an important consideration in the context of a variety of topics.
d. The role of evolution and human psychology is minimal at best.
19. When considering topics such as gratitude, forgiveness, and the development of
hope and optimism,
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