AGACNP - Acute Care Problems fully solved graded A+ 2023/2024

AGACNP - Acute Care ProblemsParkland Formula for burns - correct answer 4ml/kg x TBSA % burned = amount to be given during the first 24 hours What type of fluids do we give for burns - correct answer Crystalloids, NOT colloids When do we begin giving fluids to a burn patient? - correct answer As soon as the injury occurs, not when the patient gets to the hospital How do we administered the required fluids for a burn patient? - correct answer Half the fluids are giving within the first 8 hrs --> Give the remainder over the next 16 hours What is expected during the early resuscitation phase of burns that we should monitor for? - correct answer Metabolic acidosis What electrolyte imbalance do you need to monitor for during the first 24-48 hours in burn patients? (HINT: This occurs from all the fluid seeping out, resulting in hemoconcentration --> After fluid resuscitation / diuresis, we may see the opposite electrolyte imbalance around 3 days post-burn) - correct answer Hyperkalemia --> following fluid resuscitation we may see hypokalemia around 3 days post burn In patients with burns to the face, singed nares or eyebrows or dark soot/mucus from nares and/or mouth, what should we consider? - correct answer Need for intubation Which of the following should we do in treating burns? - Submerse burn in clean water ASAP - Use ice, lotion, toothpaste, lard, butter or other products - Sterile normal saline - Wrap burns with sterile towels - Maintain normal temperature - Pain management - correct answer All EXCEPT use ice, lotion, toothpaste, lard, butter or other products What do we do with a tar burn injury? - correct answer Use petroleum-based products to remove the burning tar What kind of burns are considered burn center referral criteria? - correct answer - Third degree - Electrical burns, including lightening - Chemical burns - Inhalation injury - Partial thickness burns that are >10% TBSA - Burns of the hands, face, feet, genitals, perineum or major joints - Special situations (co-morbidities, social concerns, etc.) Avulsion - correct answer Bone fragments pulled off by attached ligaments and tendons What confirms diagnosis of dislocation? - correct answer X-Ray Subluxation is what? - correct answer An incomplete dislocation Giant Cell Arteritis primarily affects patients over age ___, accounts for 15% of all cases of ___ in patients over 65 and can result in ___. - correct answer 50; Fever of unknown origin; can result in permanent blindness What are common S&S associated with giant cell arteritis? - correct answer - HA - Scalp tenderness - Visual complaints - Jaw claudication - Temporal artery is nodular, enlarged or tender - Fever up to 104F - Chills/rigors