NEUROLOGIE
Ergotherapie
Veel success met de examens ;)
,Inhoudsopgave
Neurologie..................................................................................................................................................... 6
Cerebro Vasculair Accident - CVA.................................................................................................................... 6
Beroerte of stroke.................................................................................................................................................6
Epidemiologie.......................................................................................................................................................6
Etiologie (oorzaak)................................................................................................................................................6
Pathofysiologie.....................................................................................................................................................7
Pathofysiologie – bloedvoorziening van de hersenen......................................................................................7
Cirkel van Willis.....................................................................................................................................................7
Klinisch beeld........................................................................................................................................................8
Klinisch beeld – a. cerebri anterior........................................................................................................................8
Klinisch beeld – a. cerebri media..........................................................................................................................8
Klinisch beeld – a. cerebri posterior......................................................................................................................9
Klinisch beeld – a. cerebri vertebralis & a. cerebri basilaris...............................................................................10
Syndroom van Wallenberg syndroom of dorsolaterale medulla syndroom...................................................10
a. Basilaris - Locked-in syndroom....................................................................................................................10
Diagnose...................................................................................................................................................... 11
Behandeling................................................................................................................................................. 11
1. Primaire preventie – risicofactoren!...............................................................................................................11
2. Organisatie van stroke services......................................................................................................................11
3. Management of acute stroke care..................................................................................................................11
4. Secundaire preventie - risicofactoren.............................................................................................................12
5. Revalidatie......................................................................................................................................................12
6. Evaluatie van outcomes & kwaliteit...............................................................................................................12
7. Life after stroke...............................................................................................................................................12
Craniocerebrale traumata Epidemiologie...................................................................................................... 12
Etiologie - pathofysiologie..................................................................................................................................12
Klinisch beeld......................................................................................................................................................12
Klinisch beeld - commotio cerebri (we spreken van een hersenschudding)..................................................12
Klinisch beeld - contusio cerebri (schade/ kneuzing hersenweefsel).............................................................12
Klinisch beeld - postcommotioneel syndroom (hersenschudding)................................................................13
Klinisch beeld - schedelfractuur......................................................................................................................13
Klinisch beeld - intracerebrale hematomen (bloeding in hersenen, als gevolg van een trauma)..................13
Klinisch beeld - subduraal hematoom............................................................................................................13
Klinisch beeld - acuut subduraal hematoom..................................................................................................13
Klinisch beeld - chronisch subduraal hematoom............................................................................................13
Klinisch beeld - epiduraal hematoom.............................................................................................................14
Posttraumatische epilepsie.............................................................................................................................14
Cerebellaire aandoeningen De anatomie (zie afbeeldingen).............................................................................14
, Functie Cerebellum.............................................................................................................................................14
Werking van het cerebellum...............................................................................................................................14
Symptomen van cerebellaire dysfunctie: algemeen...........................................................................................14
Cerebellaire aandoeningen.......................................................................................................................... 15
Ataxie van Friedreich...........................................................................................................................................15
Medulloblastoma................................................................................................................................................15
Astrocytoma........................................................................................................................................................15
Intoxicatie............................................................................................................................................................16
PowerPoint 2 Ziekte van Parkinson............................................................................................................... 16
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................................16
Oorzaak Etiologie................................................................................................................................................16
Pathofysiologie ( de werking van de aandoening).............................................................................................16
Basale ganglia.....................................................................................................................................................16
Piramidebaan - Tractus corticospinalis...............................................................................................................16
Piramidebaan..................................................................................................................................................16
Anatomie van het ruggenmerg – witte stof........................................................................................................17
Neuron (zenuwcel)..............................................................................................................................................17
Synaps.............................................................................................................................................................17
Neurotransmitters...........................................................................................................................................17
Pathofysiologie parkinson...................................................................................................................................17
Klinisch beeld motore symptomen......................................................................................................................18
Tremor.............................................................................................................................................................18
Rigiditeit..........................................................................................................................................................18
Bradykinesie, hypokinesie of akinesie............................................................................................................18
Posturale instabiliteit......................................................................................................................................18
Klinisch beeld Niet-motorische verschijnselen....................................................................................................18
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................18
Verloop ziekte van Parkinson..............................................................................................................................19
Verloop: Hoehn & Yahr stages........................................................................................................................19
Behandeling Ziekte van Parkinson......................................................................................................................19
1. Pharmacologie............................................................................................................................................19
2. Deep brain stimulation................................................................................................................................19
Revalidatie gericht op secundaire kenmerken................................................................................................20
Multiple sclerose......................................................................................................................................... 20
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................................20
Etiologie (waarom begint de ziekte)...................................................................................................................20
Pathofysiologie...................................................................................................................................................20
Neuron (zenuwcel)..........................................................................................................................................21
Synaps.............................................................................................................................................................21
Myeline...........................................................................................................................................................21
Zenuwstelsel: witte stof en grijze stof.............................................................................................................21
Pathofysiologie...................................................................................................................................................21
, Verloop................................................................................................................................................................22
Eerste symptomen..........................................................................................................................................22
Klinisch beeld......................................................................................................................................................22
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................23
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................23
PP 3: Cerebral Palsy- Cerebrale Parese -CP.................................................................................................... 24
Wat?....................................................................................................................................................................24
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................................25
Etiologie..............................................................................................................................................................25
Pathofysiologie...................................................................................................................................................25
Klinisch beeld......................................................................................................................................................26
Classificatie......................................................................................................................................................26
Geassocieerde stoornissen.............................................................................................................................27
Verloop................................................................................................................................................................27
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................27
Differentiaal diagnose.....................................................................................................................................28
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................28
Behandeling gericht op...................................................................................................................................28
Medische interventies - Pharmacologie.........................................................................................................28
Medische interventies - Neurochirurgie.........................................................................................................28
Medische interventies – Orthopedische chirurgie.........................................................................................28
Multidisciplinaire revalidatie...........................................................................................................................29
Orthesen & hulpmiddelen..............................................................................................................................29
Spina Bifida & hydrocefalie.......................................................................................................................... 29
Wat?....................................................................................................................................................................29
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................................29
Etiologie..............................................................................................................................................................29
Pathofysiologie...................................................................................................................................................29
Spina bifida occulta.........................................................................................................................................29
Spina bifida aperta..........................................................................................................................................30
Klinisch beeld......................................................................................................................................................30
Neurologische stoornissen:.............................................................................................................................30
Geassocieerde stoornissen – Neurologische problemen...............................................................................31
Verloop................................................................................................................................................................31
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................32
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................32
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................................32
Etiologie & pathofysiologie.................................................................................................................................32
Klinisch beeld......................................................................................................................................................32
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................32
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................33
Spinal cord ruggenmergaandoeningen......................................................................................................... 33
Ergotherapie
Veel success met de examens ;)
,Inhoudsopgave
Neurologie..................................................................................................................................................... 6
Cerebro Vasculair Accident - CVA.................................................................................................................... 6
Beroerte of stroke.................................................................................................................................................6
Epidemiologie.......................................................................................................................................................6
Etiologie (oorzaak)................................................................................................................................................6
Pathofysiologie.....................................................................................................................................................7
Pathofysiologie – bloedvoorziening van de hersenen......................................................................................7
Cirkel van Willis.....................................................................................................................................................7
Klinisch beeld........................................................................................................................................................8
Klinisch beeld – a. cerebri anterior........................................................................................................................8
Klinisch beeld – a. cerebri media..........................................................................................................................8
Klinisch beeld – a. cerebri posterior......................................................................................................................9
Klinisch beeld – a. cerebri vertebralis & a. cerebri basilaris...............................................................................10
Syndroom van Wallenberg syndroom of dorsolaterale medulla syndroom...................................................10
a. Basilaris - Locked-in syndroom....................................................................................................................10
Diagnose...................................................................................................................................................... 11
Behandeling................................................................................................................................................. 11
1. Primaire preventie – risicofactoren!...............................................................................................................11
2. Organisatie van stroke services......................................................................................................................11
3. Management of acute stroke care..................................................................................................................11
4. Secundaire preventie - risicofactoren.............................................................................................................12
5. Revalidatie......................................................................................................................................................12
6. Evaluatie van outcomes & kwaliteit...............................................................................................................12
7. Life after stroke...............................................................................................................................................12
Craniocerebrale traumata Epidemiologie...................................................................................................... 12
Etiologie - pathofysiologie..................................................................................................................................12
Klinisch beeld......................................................................................................................................................12
Klinisch beeld - commotio cerebri (we spreken van een hersenschudding)..................................................12
Klinisch beeld - contusio cerebri (schade/ kneuzing hersenweefsel).............................................................12
Klinisch beeld - postcommotioneel syndroom (hersenschudding)................................................................13
Klinisch beeld - schedelfractuur......................................................................................................................13
Klinisch beeld - intracerebrale hematomen (bloeding in hersenen, als gevolg van een trauma)..................13
Klinisch beeld - subduraal hematoom............................................................................................................13
Klinisch beeld - acuut subduraal hematoom..................................................................................................13
Klinisch beeld - chronisch subduraal hematoom............................................................................................13
Klinisch beeld - epiduraal hematoom.............................................................................................................14
Posttraumatische epilepsie.............................................................................................................................14
Cerebellaire aandoeningen De anatomie (zie afbeeldingen).............................................................................14
, Functie Cerebellum.............................................................................................................................................14
Werking van het cerebellum...............................................................................................................................14
Symptomen van cerebellaire dysfunctie: algemeen...........................................................................................14
Cerebellaire aandoeningen.......................................................................................................................... 15
Ataxie van Friedreich...........................................................................................................................................15
Medulloblastoma................................................................................................................................................15
Astrocytoma........................................................................................................................................................15
Intoxicatie............................................................................................................................................................16
PowerPoint 2 Ziekte van Parkinson............................................................................................................... 16
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................................16
Oorzaak Etiologie................................................................................................................................................16
Pathofysiologie ( de werking van de aandoening).............................................................................................16
Basale ganglia.....................................................................................................................................................16
Piramidebaan - Tractus corticospinalis...............................................................................................................16
Piramidebaan..................................................................................................................................................16
Anatomie van het ruggenmerg – witte stof........................................................................................................17
Neuron (zenuwcel)..............................................................................................................................................17
Synaps.............................................................................................................................................................17
Neurotransmitters...........................................................................................................................................17
Pathofysiologie parkinson...................................................................................................................................17
Klinisch beeld motore symptomen......................................................................................................................18
Tremor.............................................................................................................................................................18
Rigiditeit..........................................................................................................................................................18
Bradykinesie, hypokinesie of akinesie............................................................................................................18
Posturale instabiliteit......................................................................................................................................18
Klinisch beeld Niet-motorische verschijnselen....................................................................................................18
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................18
Verloop ziekte van Parkinson..............................................................................................................................19
Verloop: Hoehn & Yahr stages........................................................................................................................19
Behandeling Ziekte van Parkinson......................................................................................................................19
1. Pharmacologie............................................................................................................................................19
2. Deep brain stimulation................................................................................................................................19
Revalidatie gericht op secundaire kenmerken................................................................................................20
Multiple sclerose......................................................................................................................................... 20
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................................20
Etiologie (waarom begint de ziekte)...................................................................................................................20
Pathofysiologie...................................................................................................................................................20
Neuron (zenuwcel)..........................................................................................................................................21
Synaps.............................................................................................................................................................21
Myeline...........................................................................................................................................................21
Zenuwstelsel: witte stof en grijze stof.............................................................................................................21
Pathofysiologie...................................................................................................................................................21
, Verloop................................................................................................................................................................22
Eerste symptomen..........................................................................................................................................22
Klinisch beeld......................................................................................................................................................22
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................23
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................23
PP 3: Cerebral Palsy- Cerebrale Parese -CP.................................................................................................... 24
Wat?....................................................................................................................................................................24
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................................25
Etiologie..............................................................................................................................................................25
Pathofysiologie...................................................................................................................................................25
Klinisch beeld......................................................................................................................................................26
Classificatie......................................................................................................................................................26
Geassocieerde stoornissen.............................................................................................................................27
Verloop................................................................................................................................................................27
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................27
Differentiaal diagnose.....................................................................................................................................28
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................28
Behandeling gericht op...................................................................................................................................28
Medische interventies - Pharmacologie.........................................................................................................28
Medische interventies - Neurochirurgie.........................................................................................................28
Medische interventies – Orthopedische chirurgie.........................................................................................28
Multidisciplinaire revalidatie...........................................................................................................................29
Orthesen & hulpmiddelen..............................................................................................................................29
Spina Bifida & hydrocefalie.......................................................................................................................... 29
Wat?....................................................................................................................................................................29
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................................29
Etiologie..............................................................................................................................................................29
Pathofysiologie...................................................................................................................................................29
Spina bifida occulta.........................................................................................................................................29
Spina bifida aperta..........................................................................................................................................30
Klinisch beeld......................................................................................................................................................30
Neurologische stoornissen:.............................................................................................................................30
Geassocieerde stoornissen – Neurologische problemen...............................................................................31
Verloop................................................................................................................................................................31
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................32
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................32
Epidemiologie.....................................................................................................................................................32
Etiologie & pathofysiologie.................................................................................................................................32
Klinisch beeld......................................................................................................................................................32
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................32
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................33
Spinal cord ruggenmergaandoeningen......................................................................................................... 33
