MIP- Transplantation verified to pass 2023/2024

MIP- TransplantationO- - correct answer universal donor AB+ - correct answer universal recipient erythroblastosis fetalis (hydrops fetalis) - correct answer during the first pregnancy, leakage of fetal RBCs into the maternal circulation leads to mom making anti-Rh IgM and some low-affinity IgG antibodies. IgM antibodies will not cross into the fetal circulation, and the baby is born healthy. during the second pregnancy, now high-affinity IgG is produced by mom which can cross the placenta and destroy the RBCs in the fetus. the baby will be anemic or may even be stillborn RhoGAM - correct answer anti-Rh IgG that coats the Rh antigen on the RBCs, not allowing a primary immune response to be generated; should be administered to mother at 28 weeks and also 1-3 days after delivery cross-matching - correct answer mixing the recipient sera with the red cells to be transfused transfusion reaction - correct answer caused by pre-formed antibody to ABO and Rh antigens, resulting in fever, chills or shock autologous - correct answer from self; ie. harvest bone marrow before chemo, store it while undergoing chemotherapy, ten give your own cells back to yourself after chemotherapy allogenic - correct answer from the same species xenographic - correct answer from another species hyperacute rejection - correct answer already existing antibodies in the recipient against donor antigens will quickly bind and fix complement and start clotting cascades. the reaction will occlude the blood supply to the organ and the organ dies cross-matching - correct answer serum from the recipient is mixed with WBCs from the donor anti-HLA class I - correct answer reacts with both B and T cells and is more important in hyperacute reactions acute rejection - correct answer organ is inflammed by harvesting which leads to donor dendritic cell antigen presentation. recipient will have T cell clones against the HLA mismatches (those found only in the donor organ (aka direct pathway of immune response stimulation. T cells generate a response against the donated organ mixed lymphocyte reaction - correct answer test done prior to solid organ transplant: -donor cell is irradiated to ensure that they do not proliferate -recipient peripheral blood cells are the responders - measure the ability of antigen to stimulate proliferation of the recipient T-cells -measure the ability of the recipient T cells to kill using proliferation assay == see if the recipient will mount an immune response against the donor organ. if they will bound a response, they will have to find another donor organ A, B, DR - correct answer most important HLAs in determining outcome chronic rejection - correct answer thickening of blood vessels leads to ischemia and graft dies months to years after transplant chronic rejection - correct answer mediated by antibodies to HLA class I (type III hypersensitivity); Ab binds to antigens on surface of endothelium and will bring immune cells into the region via their Fc portion. Fc part binds to monocytes and neutrophils, causing infiltration of the smooth muscle with macrophages, granulocytes, allorective T cells and antibodies. alloantibodies recruit inflammatory cells to the blood vessel walls of the transplanted organ eading to damage chronic - correct answer type of rejection mediated by the indirect pathway of allorecognition