Advanced Health Assessment Final
Select the correct sequence of techniques used during an examination of a child's abdomen:
a. Percussion, inspection, palpation, auscultation
b. Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
c. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
d. Auscultation, inspection, palpation, percussion - ANSc. Inspection, auscultation, percussion,
palpation
When percussing a child's abdomen, you note tympany. This is indicative of the presence of:
a. Fluid
b. Air
c. Feces
d. Hepatomegaly - ANSb. Air
When inspecting the child's abdomen, the examiner notes a midline muscular separation with
bulging at the child cries. This finding is a(n):
a. Umbilical hernia
b. Inguinal hernia
c. Omphalocele
d. Diastasis recti - ANSd. Diastasis recti
A 10-month-old infant is brought to the clinic with complaints of cough and rhinorrhea. When
auscultating the child's lungs, you note a large, bulging umbilical mass. The mass is easily
reducible but increases when the child cries. This assessment finding is a(n):
a. Inguinal hernia
b. Umbilical hernia
c. Gastroschisis
d. Omphalocele - ANSb. Umbilical hernia
The iliopsoas (psoas sign) test is used to identify:
a. Splenic enlargement
b. Costovertebral tenderness
c. Intra-abdominal inflammation
d. Decreased peristalsis or intestinal activity - ANSc. Intra-abdominal inflammation
When auscultating bowel sounds in an infant or a young child, it is essential to use a pediatric
stethoscope because:
a. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass lung sounds, confusing the
clinical picture
b. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass vascular sounds, confusing
the clinical picture
,c. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may cause pain in a small infant if pressure is
applied during auscultation
d. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may decrease the child's cooperation - ANSa. A
stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass lung sounds, confusing the
clinical picture
Decreased hepatic enzyme function in children from birth until age 3 to 4 years causes:
a. Short drug half-lives
b. Long drug half-lives
c. Physiologic jaundice
d. Hypoglycemia - ANSb. Long drug half-lives
The stomach capacity in a neonate is approximately:
a. 30 mL
b. 60 mL
c. 90 mL
d. 120 mL - ANSb. 60 mL
A dull percussion note at or beyond the anterior axillary line on the left indicates:
a. Hepatomegaly
b. Splenomegaly
c. A normal finding
d. A fibrotic spleen - ANSb. Splenomegaly
Assessment for renal tenderness should be performed with the child:
a. Lying supine
b. Lying prone
c. In a side-lying position
d. Sitting upright - ANSd. Sitting upright
Indirect percussion can be used to detect:
a. Costovertebral tenderness
b. Abdominal masses
c. Rebound tenderness
d. Hepatomegaly - ANSa. Costovertebral tenderness
The lower left quadrant (LLQ) contains the:
a. Left ureter
b. Pancreas (body)
c. Stomach
d. Liver (left lobe) - ANSa. Left ureter
The percussion note that is normally heard over a child's stomach is:
a. Dull
, b. Tympany
c. Resonance
d. Hyperactive - ANSb. Tympany
A firm, olive-like mass palpable in the RUQ of a 3-week-old infant is likely a(n):
a. Fecal mass
b. Pyloric stenosis
c. Umbilical hernia
d. Inguinal hernia - ANSb. Pyloric Stenosis
Infants and toddlers have a protuberant abdomen due to:
a. Increased pancreatic enzyme activity
b. Weak abdominal musculature
c. More abdominal subcutaneous tissue
d. Decreased hepatic enzyme function - ANSb. Weak abdominal musculature
A young child's kidney is more susceptible to trauma because:
a. Until age 5 years, kidneys rupture more easily
b. More of the kidney is exposed because of the thin abdominal wall
c. There is a proportionately larger abdomen in young children
d. The urinary bladder capacity varies - ANSb. More of the kidney is exposed because of the
thin abdominal wall
Which of the following is an appropriate response by the provider to a 30-month-old child who is
resistant to the abdominal exam?
a. Inspect only; auscultate and palpate only if necessary
b. Ask the child to describe the symptoms in more detail
c. Ask the child if he or she would like to listen to the stomach through the stethoscope and
press on the stomach with his or her own hands
d. Defer the exam - ANSc. Ask the child if he or she would like to listen to the stomach through
the stethoscope and press on the stomach with his or her own hands
Which of the following findings in the child's prenatal history is relevant when conducting the
abdominal assessment?
a. Maternal oligohydramnios
b. Amount of maternal weight gain
c. Perinatal asphyxia
d. Timing of the first meconium stool - ANSa. Maternal oligohydramnios
The RLQ contains the:
a. Liver (right lobe)
b. Pancreas
c. Ascending colon
d. Cecum - ANSd. Cecum
Select the correct sequence of techniques used during an examination of a child's abdomen:
a. Percussion, inspection, palpation, auscultation
b. Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
c. Inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
d. Auscultation, inspection, palpation, percussion - ANSc. Inspection, auscultation, percussion,
palpation
When percussing a child's abdomen, you note tympany. This is indicative of the presence of:
a. Fluid
b. Air
c. Feces
d. Hepatomegaly - ANSb. Air
When inspecting the child's abdomen, the examiner notes a midline muscular separation with
bulging at the child cries. This finding is a(n):
a. Umbilical hernia
b. Inguinal hernia
c. Omphalocele
d. Diastasis recti - ANSd. Diastasis recti
A 10-month-old infant is brought to the clinic with complaints of cough and rhinorrhea. When
auscultating the child's lungs, you note a large, bulging umbilical mass. The mass is easily
reducible but increases when the child cries. This assessment finding is a(n):
a. Inguinal hernia
b. Umbilical hernia
c. Gastroschisis
d. Omphalocele - ANSb. Umbilical hernia
The iliopsoas (psoas sign) test is used to identify:
a. Splenic enlargement
b. Costovertebral tenderness
c. Intra-abdominal inflammation
d. Decreased peristalsis or intestinal activity - ANSc. Intra-abdominal inflammation
When auscultating bowel sounds in an infant or a young child, it is essential to use a pediatric
stethoscope because:
a. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass lung sounds, confusing the
clinical picture
b. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass vascular sounds, confusing
the clinical picture
,c. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may cause pain in a small infant if pressure is
applied during auscultation
d. A stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may decrease the child's cooperation - ANSa. A
stethoscope diaphragm that is too large may also encompass lung sounds, confusing the
clinical picture
Decreased hepatic enzyme function in children from birth until age 3 to 4 years causes:
a. Short drug half-lives
b. Long drug half-lives
c. Physiologic jaundice
d. Hypoglycemia - ANSb. Long drug half-lives
The stomach capacity in a neonate is approximately:
a. 30 mL
b. 60 mL
c. 90 mL
d. 120 mL - ANSb. 60 mL
A dull percussion note at or beyond the anterior axillary line on the left indicates:
a. Hepatomegaly
b. Splenomegaly
c. A normal finding
d. A fibrotic spleen - ANSb. Splenomegaly
Assessment for renal tenderness should be performed with the child:
a. Lying supine
b. Lying prone
c. In a side-lying position
d. Sitting upright - ANSd. Sitting upright
Indirect percussion can be used to detect:
a. Costovertebral tenderness
b. Abdominal masses
c. Rebound tenderness
d. Hepatomegaly - ANSa. Costovertebral tenderness
The lower left quadrant (LLQ) contains the:
a. Left ureter
b. Pancreas (body)
c. Stomach
d. Liver (left lobe) - ANSa. Left ureter
The percussion note that is normally heard over a child's stomach is:
a. Dull
, b. Tympany
c. Resonance
d. Hyperactive - ANSb. Tympany
A firm, olive-like mass palpable in the RUQ of a 3-week-old infant is likely a(n):
a. Fecal mass
b. Pyloric stenosis
c. Umbilical hernia
d. Inguinal hernia - ANSb. Pyloric Stenosis
Infants and toddlers have a protuberant abdomen due to:
a. Increased pancreatic enzyme activity
b. Weak abdominal musculature
c. More abdominal subcutaneous tissue
d. Decreased hepatic enzyme function - ANSb. Weak abdominal musculature
A young child's kidney is more susceptible to trauma because:
a. Until age 5 years, kidneys rupture more easily
b. More of the kidney is exposed because of the thin abdominal wall
c. There is a proportionately larger abdomen in young children
d. The urinary bladder capacity varies - ANSb. More of the kidney is exposed because of the
thin abdominal wall
Which of the following is an appropriate response by the provider to a 30-month-old child who is
resistant to the abdominal exam?
a. Inspect only; auscultate and palpate only if necessary
b. Ask the child to describe the symptoms in more detail
c. Ask the child if he or she would like to listen to the stomach through the stethoscope and
press on the stomach with his or her own hands
d. Defer the exam - ANSc. Ask the child if he or she would like to listen to the stomach through
the stethoscope and press on the stomach with his or her own hands
Which of the following findings in the child's prenatal history is relevant when conducting the
abdominal assessment?
a. Maternal oligohydramnios
b. Amount of maternal weight gain
c. Perinatal asphyxia
d. Timing of the first meconium stool - ANSa. Maternal oligohydramnios
The RLQ contains the:
a. Liver (right lobe)
b. Pancreas
c. Ascending colon
d. Cecum - ANSd. Cecum
