Genomics Midterm Exam Questions With Complete
Solutions.
DNA is a polymer composed of all of the following EXCEPT:
a. nitrogenous base
b. 5-carbon sugar
c. codon
d. phosphate group
c
codon = 3 nucleotide sequence
Which of the nitrogen-containing bases are purines?
a. adenine
b. cytosine
c. thymine
d. guanine
a, d
cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines
In a DNA sequence, adenine nitrogen base pairs with _________, while guanine
pairs with _________.
a. uracil, thymine
b. thymine, cytosine
c. cytosine, uracil
d. cytosine, thymine
b
uracil binds to thymine in transcription from DNA to mRNA
_______ is a sequence of chromosomal DNA required for the production of
functional product.
a. gene
b. nucelotide
c. chromosome
d. allele
a
_______ is the different version of a gene at a particular location on the
chromosome.
a. locus
b. genome
c. mutation
d. allele
d
,Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that are can only be detected by
physical attributes. true or false.
false
can be detectable or silent AKA polymorphisms
What is SNP?
a. the complete DNA sequence which contains the entirety of genetic information
b. a polymorphism in a DNA sequence containing a variation of a single base
c. a rod-shaped structure composed of chromatin
d. an alternative version of a gene at a specific locus
b
single nucleotide polymorphism
What is chromatin?
a. complex of 23 pairs of chromosomes, where 22 are autosomes and 1 pair is
sex chromosomes
b. a polymer composed of 5 carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, and a phosphate
group
c. a complex composed of DNA and protein that make up chromosomes
d. the genetic constitution of an indivdual
c
What is a single pair of chromosomes known as?
a. sister chromatids
b. centromeres
c. maternal chromsomes
d. homologous chromosomes
d
paternal chromosome + maternal chromosome = homologous pair
Α human cell has ______ pairs of chromosomes = ______ total.
a. 22, 44
b. 23, 48
c. 23, 46
d. 22, 48
c
22 pairs = autosomes (alike in somatic cells of both biological sexes)
1 pairs = sex chromosomes
Biological females have ______ chromosomes whiles biological males have
______ chromosomes.
a. XY, XX
b. XX, XY
b
mothers only give X, fathers can give X or Y resulting in XX or XY
, Which of the following is the correct definition of cytogenetics?
a. study of chromosomes, their structure and inheritance
b. the complete DNA sequence which contains the entirety of genetic information
c. the study of genetic constitution of an individual
d. the study of epigenetic changes in inheritance
a
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of every human chromosome?
a. singular
b. linear
c. bipolar
d. double helix
c
What term is used as the process and product that shows chromosomes of an
individual arranged by pairs 1-23?
a. genotype
b. epigenetics
c. coding sequence
d. karyotype
d
Which type of chromosomal DNA is exclusively inherited from the mother?
a. post-transcriptional DNA
b. sister chromatids
c. mRNA codons
d. mitochondrial DNA
d
human cells have 100s-1000s of mitochondria, each contain one to many copies of the
mitochondrial chromosome - codes for 37 genes
Genome is the only a partial DNA sequence that contains a specific section of the
genetic information. true or false.
false
genome is a complete DNA sequence containing the entirety of the genetic information
-genome is inclusive to both nuclear & mitochondrial chromosomes
1. ______ = the genetic constitution of an individual
2. ______ = the observed characteristics of an individual as determined by
genotype and the environment
a. genotype, phenotype
b. phenotype, genotype
a
What defines a population biologically?
a. collection of alleles distinguished by the frequencies of the alleles
Solutions.
DNA is a polymer composed of all of the following EXCEPT:
a. nitrogenous base
b. 5-carbon sugar
c. codon
d. phosphate group
c
codon = 3 nucleotide sequence
Which of the nitrogen-containing bases are purines?
a. adenine
b. cytosine
c. thymine
d. guanine
a, d
cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines
In a DNA sequence, adenine nitrogen base pairs with _________, while guanine
pairs with _________.
a. uracil, thymine
b. thymine, cytosine
c. cytosine, uracil
d. cytosine, thymine
b
uracil binds to thymine in transcription from DNA to mRNA
_______ is a sequence of chromosomal DNA required for the production of
functional product.
a. gene
b. nucelotide
c. chromosome
d. allele
a
_______ is the different version of a gene at a particular location on the
chromosome.
a. locus
b. genome
c. mutation
d. allele
d
,Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that are can only be detected by
physical attributes. true or false.
false
can be detectable or silent AKA polymorphisms
What is SNP?
a. the complete DNA sequence which contains the entirety of genetic information
b. a polymorphism in a DNA sequence containing a variation of a single base
c. a rod-shaped structure composed of chromatin
d. an alternative version of a gene at a specific locus
b
single nucleotide polymorphism
What is chromatin?
a. complex of 23 pairs of chromosomes, where 22 are autosomes and 1 pair is
sex chromosomes
b. a polymer composed of 5 carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, and a phosphate
group
c. a complex composed of DNA and protein that make up chromosomes
d. the genetic constitution of an indivdual
c
What is a single pair of chromosomes known as?
a. sister chromatids
b. centromeres
c. maternal chromsomes
d. homologous chromosomes
d
paternal chromosome + maternal chromosome = homologous pair
Α human cell has ______ pairs of chromosomes = ______ total.
a. 22, 44
b. 23, 48
c. 23, 46
d. 22, 48
c
22 pairs = autosomes (alike in somatic cells of both biological sexes)
1 pairs = sex chromosomes
Biological females have ______ chromosomes whiles biological males have
______ chromosomes.
a. XY, XX
b. XX, XY
b
mothers only give X, fathers can give X or Y resulting in XX or XY
, Which of the following is the correct definition of cytogenetics?
a. study of chromosomes, their structure and inheritance
b. the complete DNA sequence which contains the entirety of genetic information
c. the study of genetic constitution of an individual
d. the study of epigenetic changes in inheritance
a
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of every human chromosome?
a. singular
b. linear
c. bipolar
d. double helix
c
What term is used as the process and product that shows chromosomes of an
individual arranged by pairs 1-23?
a. genotype
b. epigenetics
c. coding sequence
d. karyotype
d
Which type of chromosomal DNA is exclusively inherited from the mother?
a. post-transcriptional DNA
b. sister chromatids
c. mRNA codons
d. mitochondrial DNA
d
human cells have 100s-1000s of mitochondria, each contain one to many copies of the
mitochondrial chromosome - codes for 37 genes
Genome is the only a partial DNA sequence that contains a specific section of the
genetic information. true or false.
false
genome is a complete DNA sequence containing the entirety of the genetic information
-genome is inclusive to both nuclear & mitochondrial chromosomes
1. ______ = the genetic constitution of an individual
2. ______ = the observed characteristics of an individual as determined by
genotype and the environment
a. genotype, phenotype
b. phenotype, genotype
a
What defines a population biologically?
a. collection of alleles distinguished by the frequencies of the alleles
