APES Unit 7 Progress Check: FRQ verified to pass 2023/2024

APES Unit 7 Progress Check: FRQ(a)(i) Identify one air pollutant released from the combustion of coal. - correct answer -carbon dioxide -sulfur dioxide -toxic metals (such as mercury) -particulates (a)(ii) Describe one method to reduce the air pollutants released from a coal-burning power plant. - correct answer -Install baghouse filters/bag filter to collect dust/remove particulates from the exhaust -Install electrostatic precipitators to remove suspended particulate matter from exhaust using high-voltage charge -Install wet scrubbers, which are air pollution control devices that remove particulate matter and/or gases from exhaust using a scrubbing liquid -Install dry scrubbers, which are air pollution control devices that remove acidic gases using a dry reagent -Regulate release of pollutants/set stricter limits for pollutants such as SOx and NOx particulates and mercury -Use precombustion coal-cleaning processes to reduce the amount of impurities (such as sulfur) from coal (b)(i) Based on the diagram, identify which of the labeled sources of indoor air pollutants would most likely release particulate matter. - correct answer -Fireplaces/wood stoves -Tobacco smoke -Floor and ceiling tiles; pipe installation -Furniture, carpets, foam insulation, pressed wood (b)(ii) Describe a negative effect of indoor particulate matter on human health. - correct answer -Irritation of eyes, nose, throat from exposure to particulates -Irritation of airways, coughing, difficulty breathing when small particles enter the respiratory system -Aggravation of chronic lung disease leading to loss of airway function -Aggravation of chronic coronary disease that may lead to heart attacks/affect heart function -Premature death in individuals with heart or lung disease -Premature death in individuals with heart or lung disease (b)(iii) Describe a source of radon that could lead to indoor air pollution. - correct answer Radon is released from the decay of uranium in the soil and rocks beneath the house. (b)(iv) Describe how radon would most likely enter the house in the diagram. - correct answer The response describes how radon can infiltrate houses as it moves up through the soil and enters houses through the basement or cracks in the walls or foundation. (c)(i) Identify the dependent variable in the experiment. - correct answer The response identifies the dependent variable in the experiment as the ability to remember the meaning of the symbol/the percentage of students remembering the meaning of the symbol after one week. (c)(ii) Describe the control for the experiment. - correct answer The response describes the control for the experiment as the five groups of 20 students who learned the meaning of the symbol during a 15-minute lesson without the noise sources outside of their classroom (c)(iii) Based on the described experiment, state a valid hypothesis for the experiment. - correct answer -Being exposed to outside noise sources during learning will increase/decrease the percentage of students who are able to remember the meaning of a newly learned symbol after one week. -Not being exposed to outside noise sources during learning will increase/decrease the percentage of students who are able to remember the meaning of a newly learned symbol after one week. (c)(iv) Describe how the addition of insulation inside the walls of the classroom would most likely affect the results of the study. - correct answer Adding insulation would act to soundproof the classroom, reducing the impact of noise pollution. This should increase the percentage of students who can remember the symbol in the groups exposed to noise pollution.