NUR 2063 / NUR2063: Essentials of Pathophysiology Exam 2 (Latest 2022 / 2023) Rasmussen

What are the functions of the kidneys? CORRECT ANSWERRegulation of blood pressure; regulating blood osmolarity; removal of toxins; blood filtration; activate vitamin D What are the clinical manifestations of benign prostatic hypertrophy? CORRECT ANSWERdribbling; difficulty initiating urine stream; hesitancy; urinary retention, decreased stream What substance controls the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts? CORRECT ANSWERADH- Anti Diuretic Hormone What is type 2 diabetes characterized as? CORRECT ANSWERperipheral tissue insulin resistance What are the clinical manifestations of Graves' disease? CORRECT ANSWERExophthalmos (bulging eyes), goiter, enlarge thyroid, heat intolerance, anxiety- hyperthyroidism What processes occur during fasting? CORRECT ANSWERglucogenesis; glycogenesis What type of tissue is accessed to promote energy production in type 1 diabetes? CORRECT ANSWERadipose/ fat What are the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism? CORRECT ANSWERmyxedema, fatigue, cold sensitivity, constipation, weight gain What are the clinical manifestations of hyperthyroidism? CORRECT ANSWERGoiter, fatigue, weight loss, infertility, memory loss, hair loss, muscle pain What are the clinical manifestation of hyper para thyroidism? CORRECT ANSWERfatigue, body aches, bone pain, depression, headaches, memory loss What are the clinical manifestations of hypo para thyroidism? CORRECT ANSWERnumbness, tetany, parathesis, muscle spasms What are the clinical manifestations of ketoacidosis? CORRECT ANSWERfruity breath, drowsiness, nausea, thirst, confusion, lethargy, vomiting What mechanisms control hormone release and regulation? CORRECT ANSWERnegative feedback loop What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland? CORRECT ANSWERGrowth Hormone, prolactin, follicle stimulating hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, LH, ACTH and endorphins What is diabetes insipidus? CORRECT ANSWERa disorder caused by inadequate amounts of ADH which causes excessive water loss clinical manifestations of diabetes insipidus CORRECT ANSWERpolyuria, nocturia, continuous thirst, and polydipsia clinical manifestations of Cushings syndrome? CORRECT ANSWERExcessive secretion of cortisol causes redistribution of fat, "moon face", "buffalo" hump on the back and pendulous abdomen. - Facial skin is flushed (high blood pressure), skin covering abdomen develops stretch marks - • ndividual bruises easily and wound healing is poor -