NBCE - Chiropractic Boards Pt 2 – Practices (2023/2024) Rated A+

NBCE - Chiropractic Boards Pt 2 – Practices (2023/2024) Rated A+ What is the reference structure of the vertebrae unless otherwise noted? vertebral body What side of the segment do you contact assuming no scoliosis is present? open wedge If scoliosis is present what side of segment do you contact? convexity If there is a scoliosis the doctor stands on which side? convexity Doctor contacts the side they are standing on when a patient is supine or prone. T or F? True What is a fixed segment? stuck What is a restricted or decrease segment? segment can't move there What is malposition? fixated In the cervical spine, with patient supine. How should position the neck? Laterally flex over your contact and rotate head away. Define: Flexion Malposition Increased interspinous space between the involved segment and the segment below with a decreased interspinous space between the involved segment and the segment above. Define: Extension Malposition Decreased interspinous space between the involved segment and the segment below with an increased interspinous space between the involved segment and the segment above. Hypomobility Decreased motion or segmental fixation. Hypermobility Loosened motor unit What is a segment or group of segments that move in an inconsistent manner in the corresponding area? aberrant motion What is a scoliosis and/or alteration of curve secondary to muscular imbalance? sectional intersegmental What is costovertebral or costotransverse disrelationship/sacroiliac subluxation characterized as? paraspinal In Gonstead the first letter of the listing always begins with what letter? P The first letter in the Gonstead listing refers to what? Posterior The Gonstead listing is based on what anatomical structure? spinous process The second letter of the Gonstead listing refers to what movement? spinous rotation What are the two options for the second letter in the Gonstead listing? R or L What does the third letter in the Gonstead listing refer to? lateral flexion or wedging on the side of spinous rotation What are the two options for the third letter of the Gonstead system? S or I What type of torque is used to correct the open wedge? Clockwise or Counterclockwise torque Generally Gonstead will contact which side of the wedge? open wedge What does Gonstead classify as "special listings"? -Sp(spinous), -La(lamina), -Tp(transverse process), -M(mammillary) What anatomical structure does the National Listing System use as a reference? body What is the first letter in the national listing system referring? body rotation What are the two options for the first letter in the national listing system? R or L What does the second letter refer to in the National Listing System? Posteriority What is the second letter in the National Listing System? P The third letter in the National Listing System refers to what type of movement? lateral flexion or wedging on the side of body rotation What are the two option for the third letter in the National Listing System? S or I What pelvic subluxation presents with the following: low femur head, anterior sacrum, longer innominate, larger obturator foramen, and increased lumbar lordosis? PI ilium What pelvic subluxation presents with the following: higher femur head, posterior sacrum, shorter innominate, smaller obturator foramen, and decreased lumbar lordosis? AS ilium Palpatory findings: Spongy edema at posterior superior margin of SI joint. This is seen with what pelvic subluxation? PI ilium Palpatory findings: Spongy edema at posterior inferior margin of the SI joint. This is seen with what pelvic subluxation? AS ilium What pelvic subluxation presents with the following: increased width of the ilium, decreased normal anterior lumbar curve, raises the femur head? IN ilium What pelvic subluxation presents with the following: decreased width of the ilium, anterior lumbar curve increases, lowers femur head? EX ilium What causes the foot to diverge away from midline? IN ilium What causes the foot to diverge toward midline? EX ilium What is the Lovette Positive Classification of Scoliosis? Normal compensatory deviation In the Lovette Positive classification, on what side is the Anterior Inferior Sacrum? PI ilium side (short leg) In the Lovette Positive Classification, on what side is the convex scoliosis? AI sacrum side In the Lovette Positive Classification, to what side will the spinous deviate? Away from convexity In a scoliosis, on what side should the heel lift be used? PI ilium side In a scoliosis, on what side should the sole lift be used? AS ilium side What are the absolute contra-indications to adjusting? Malignancies, tumors, infections, fractures, abdominal aortic aneurysm, recent surgery. What are the relative contra-indications to adjusting? Osteoporosis, Spondylisthesis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cardiovascular predisposing factors, congenital anomalies, acute spastic muscle region. The ASIS's are in the same plane as the symphysis pubis. Balanced Pelvis The ASIS's move anterior to the pubic symphysis. Anterior Pelvic Tilt The ASIS's move posterior to the pubic symphysis. Posterior Pelvic Tilt What type of lordosis is seen in an Anterior Pelvic Tilt? Hyperlordosis What type of lordosis is seen in a Posterior Pelvic Tilt? Hypolordosis In an anterior pelvic tilt, what muscles will be lengthened/inhibited? Hamstrings, gluteals, abdominals. In an anterior pelvic tilt, what muscles are hypertonic/facilitated? Psoas, quadriceps, erector spinae In a posterior pelvic tilt, what muscles are lengthened/inhibited? Psoas, quadriceps, erector spinae In a posterior pelvic tilt, what muscles are hypertonic/facilitated? Hamstrings, gluteals, abdominals In upper cross syndrome, what muscles are hypertonic/facilitated? Levator scapulae, pectoralis major, upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, suboccipitals In upper cross syndrome, what muscles are lengthened/inhibited? Rhomboids, lower & middle trapezius, serratus anterior, teres minor, longus coli and capitus In the sub-occipital triangle, where is the Obliquus Capitus Superior located? C1 transverse process to occiput In the sub-occipital triangle, where is the Obliquus Capitus Inferior located? spinous process of Axis to transverse process of Atlas In the sub-occipital triangle, where is the Rectus Capitus Posterior Major located? spinous process of Axis to Occiput In the sub-occipital triangle, where is the Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor located? Posterior tubercle to Occiput What type of exercise is done non-weight bearing, in which the hand or foot is free to move? Open Chain Exercise What type of exercise is performed with the hand or foot fixed and cannot move, usually stays in constant contact with the surface? Closed Chain Exercise When looking at the gravity weight line in an anterior view, what is being assessed? head tilt or rotation, shoulder height, arm carriage, hip height, feet malposition. Where is the gravity weight line when assessing in a lateral manner? External auditory meatus, anterior body C7, middle of shoulder, anterior 1/3 of sacral base, middle of the hip joint, posterior to the patella, 1" anterior to lateral malleolus When assessing the gravity weight line in a posterior manner, what is being viewed? Scapula winging/flaring, scoliosis, foot angle. What Plane of movement is seen in the cervical facets? transverse What plane of movement is seen in the thoracic facets? coronal What plane of movement is seen in the lumbar facets? sagittal What plane of movement is seen in the lumbosacral facets? coronal What type of motion is seen in the cervical facets? rotation What type of motion is seen in the thoracic facets? lateral flexion What type of motion is seen in the lumbar facets? flexion/extension What type of motion is seen in the lumbosacral facets? lateral flexion In the coupled motion of the cervical spine, which way does the spinous rotate? Into Convexity In the coupled motion of the lumbar spine, which way does the spinous rotate? Into Concavity Structural Landmarks: EOP External Occiput Structural Landmarks: AXIS First Palpable Spinous Structural Landmarks: C3 Hyoid Bone, Carotid Artery Structural Landmarks: C4,5 Thyroid Cartilage Structural Landmarks: C6 Cricoid Cartilage, Carotid tubercle, last moveable segment Structural Landmarks: C7 Vertebral Prominens 70% Structural Landmarks: T1 Vertebral Prominens 30% Structural Landmarks: T3 Spine of Scapula Structural Landmarks: T4,5 Sternal angle of Louis Structural Landmarks: T6 Inferior angle of the scapula lying down Structural Landmarks: T7 Inferior angle of the scapula seated Structural Landmarks: T10 Xiphoid Structural Landmarks: L3 Umbilicus Structural Landmarks: L4 Iliac crest Structural Landmarks: S2 PSIS With a lateral disc protrusion, what side will the patient lean to in order to alleviate the pain? Opposite side of protrusion With a medial disc protrusion, what side will the patient lean to in order to alleviate the pain? Same side of protrusion