BIOLOGY 111 LAB – PHOTOSYNTHESIS WITH VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS.

photosynthesis atmospheric carbon dioxide is removed and transformered into oxygen and carbohydrates photosynthesis chemical energy is added to the biosphere source of oxygen for aerobic resperation thylakoid membranes photosynthetic pigments occur in grana layers of thylakoid membranes primary photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotene, and xanthophyll fix convert carbon dioxide to carbohydrates using solar energy 6CO2 + 6H2O + light = C6H12O6 + 6O2 equation for photosynthesis true eukaryotic cells along with photosynthetic cells undergo cellular respiration too stroma "cytoplasm" of the chloroplast photochemical reaction stage of photosynthesis aka light reactions (LIGHT) biochemical reaction stage of photosynthesis aka Calvin cycle (NO LIGHT) light reactions split water and energize electrons in pigment molecules Calvin cycle use energy generated in light reactions to fix carbon into sugar light reactions instantaneous reaction light reactions captures energy Calvin cycle fast but not instanateous Calvin cycle uses energy light intensity and wavelength affect rate of light reactions oxygen by-product of light reactions how to determine rate of photosynthesis measure the amount of O2 produced photosystem an enzymatic protein complex that uses light to reduce molecules and power the ETC PSI p700 optimal wavelength = 700nm PSII p680 optimal wavelength = 680nm named in order of discovery how photo-systems were named generates ATP e- from PSI are passed down ETC making... PSI and PSII light energy is absorbed in excites molecules in ETC2 after PSI where they reduce NADP+ to NADPH DPIP substitutes NADPH blue to clear helps measure effect of light intensity on ETC why we see color objects contain pigments that selectivity absorb some wavelengths of visible light and reflect/transmit others what we see the wavelengths that are be reflected by the object action spectrum charts the relative effectiveness of different wavelengths of light for photosynthesis sinking disks when gases are removed floating disks photosynthetic activity increasing white light has the most floating disks photosynthetic pigments the bio-molecules that determine which wavelengths of light are used for photosynthesis main pigments chlorophyll a and b pigments that are present carotene and xanthophyll chlorophyll large ring molecules with non-polar carbon tail