NUSC 1165 Exam 1 | 118 Questions And Answers Already Graded A+

What is an essential nutrient? - A nutrient that must be consumed in the diet (Carbs, Protein, Lipids) Is alcohol a nutrient? - It is not a nutrient, but it does contain kilocalories. What does it mean when foods are fortified? - A food that has extra nutrients added to it or has nutrients added that are not normally there. What is flour enrichment? - Flour enrichment is the addition of nutrients to white flour that are removed during milling. When wheat is milled, bran and germ from the wheat kernel are removed and the endosperm is processed into white flour, striping all dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins. Where phytochemicals and zoochemicals are found in our diet? - Phytochemicals are a group of nutritive components found in herbs, fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, nuts and spices. Zoochemicals are natural chemicals found in animal-based foods. A couple of examples are omega-3 fatty acid, obtained from eating fatty fish, and conjugated linoleic acid, or CLA, found in beef and dairy products. Which nutrients are considered macronutrients? - Carbohydrates, Fats and Proteins. Nutrients the body needs in large amounts, because they provide the body with energy. The energy-yielding nutrients include: - carbohydrates, proteins, and fats Are minerals organic molecules? - NO, they are inorganic Define malnutrition - Any condition caused by excess or deficient food energy or nutrient intake or by an imbalance of nutrientsHow many kcal/gram do protein, fat, carbohydrate, and alcohol each provide? - 4 calories per gram of carbohydrate, 4 calories per gram of protein, 9 calories per gram of fat, and 7 calories per gram of alcohol. Why is fat an ideal storage form of energy in the body? - Fats are used as storage molecules because they give more ATP per molecule, they take less space to store and are less heavy than glucose Do all lipids provide us with energy? - No, Cholesterol does not provide energy In the US, what unit of measurement is used for energy? - Calorie: The a unit of energy used to measure the energy in nutrition/food and 1 Calorie is equal to 1000 kilocalories. What does it mean when a food is described as being nutrient-dense? - Food that is high in nutrients but proportionately low in calories Describe the concept of moderation in nutrition? - Not eating to the extremes, neither too much nor too little. How can one increase variety in their diet? - Eat a "rainbow" of foods What does food processing typically do to nutrient density? - Decreases nutrient density