Dental Anatomy Terminology 100% Correct

Dental Anatomy Terminology 100% Correct Maxillary Teeth Teeth in the Upper Arch Mandibular Teeth Teeth in the lower arch Midline Line drawn down the middle of the teeth cutting them in half The mouth is divided into how many quadrants? 4 Primary Dentition The teeth that first come in (20 total) Permanent Dentition The second (adult) teeth (32 total) Mixed Dentition When both primary and permanent teeth are present Incisors The two teeth of each quadrant which are closest to the midline. Named central and lateral. They have an action of cutting and incising Canine The third tooth from the midline in each quadrant. Also known as the cuspid. They have an action of cutting, piercing, and holding. Premolars The fourth and fifth teeth from the midline. Their action is tearing, holding, and grinding. Molars The sixth, seventh, eighth teeth from the midline. They are termed first, second, and third molar. Their function is grinding. Difference between decidous and permanent teeth There are no permolars and only two molars Anatomical Crown Portion of tooth that is covered by enamel Primary Crown Portion of the tooth that is visible in the mouth Anatomical Root Portion of the tooth that is covered by cementum Clinical Root Portion of the root which is not visible in the mouth Enamel Hard, non vital highly mineralized tissue covering the dentin of the anatomical crown. Composed of 97 percent inorganic material Dentin Hard vital tissue surrounding the pulp. Composed of 75 percent inorganic material. Cementum The layer of vital hard tissue that covers the dentin in the anatomical root of the tooth. Pulp Vital soft tissue occupying the central cavity of a tooth Pulp Cavity Contains the pulp canal, Pulp Chamber, and Pulp Horns Pulp Canal The portion of the pulp cavity that is located in the root of the tooth Pulp Chamber Enlarged portion of pulp cavity that lies in the central portion of the anatomical crown Pulp Horns Elongations of extensions of the pulp chamber within the anatomical crown Cemento-Enamel Junction Identifiable line where the enamel and cementum meet Dentinoenamel junction (DEJ) The meeting of dentin with enamel within the anatomical crown of the tooth Periodontal Ligament The fibrous attachment of the tooth cementum to the alveolar bone, composed of white, collagenous, connective tissue. Alveolar Bone Bone into which the teeth are set Gingiva the tissue enclosed by the mucous membrane Anterior Teeth Includes the incisors and canines Posterior Teeth The teeth towards the back of the mouth Surfaces of Anterior Teeth Exhibit four surfaces and one edge on their crowns Mesial The surface of the tooth toward the midline Distal The surface of the tooth away from the midline Labial The surface of the tooth toward the lips Lingual The surface of the tooth toward the tongue Incisal edge The biting edge of a tooth Posterior surfaces of the teeth Exhibit five surfaces Buccal The surface on posterior teeth that is toward the cheeks Occlusal The chewing surface of posterior teeth Apex The root termination or tip Proximal Term referring to any surface between two teeth. Line Angle The imaginary line , or angle formed by the junction of two crown surfaces (mesiolabial) Point Angle The point which is the junction of three crown surface. Take their name from the three surfaces that form them Mesial thirds of a tooth (Vertical) Labial, middle, and lingual Medial thirds of a tooth (Horizontal) Incisal, middle, and cervial thirds Horizontal Thirds of a Root Cervical, Middle, and Apical Contact Area The area in which teeth are touching each other Cusps Elevated projections of various shapes and sizes on the crowns of teeth. They form the bulk of the occlusal surafaces of teeth Tubercles Small round projections found on the crowns of teeth Cingulum A large rounded eminence on the lingual surface of permanent and decidous anterior teeth. Ridges Linear Elevations on the surfaces of the crowns of teeth, which are named by location Marginal Ridges Linear elevations toward the outside of the tooth Triangular Ridges Linear ridges descending from the tips of cusps of posterior teeth Transverse Ridge A combination of two triangular ridges Oblique Ridge Special type of transverse ridge, which crosses the occlusal surface maxillary molars in the directions of distobuccal to mesiolingual Cusp Ridges The four ridges that extend away from the cusp's tip Inclined Plane The sloping area found between two cusp ridges Mamelons Small rounded projections of enamel on newly formed permanent incisal ridges Fossa Irregular, usually rounded depression on the surface of a tooth Sulcus A long narrow depression, usually v shaped in cross sections. Normally found on the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth Developmental (primary) groove A groove or line which denotes the formation of the primary lobes of the tooth Supplemental (secondary) groove An auxilary groove which branches form the developmental groove. Pit Small depressed area where developmental grooves join. The deepest portion of the fossa. Universal System Naming of the teeth in which the upper right back molar is one and you go around the mouth with the lower right back molar being 32 Universal System for Primary Dentition Marks the use of letters for naming teeth Zsigmondy/ Plamer Nomenclature System Breaks down the teeth to four quadrants in which the. Central incisor is 1 and then proceeds to 8 Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI) Nomenclature System breaking down the mouth into four quadrants and using a two number system. The first indicates the quadrant. (Upper Right = 1, Upper Left = 2, Lower Left = 3, Lower Right = 4). Second number indicates the tooth, the same in the ZP naming system Cortical Bone Outside Harder Bone of the of the Alveolar bone Concellous Bone Spongy bone of the Alveolar Bone Alveolar Crestal Dentalalveolar Group Resist Vertical and Intrusive Forces Horizontal dentalalveolar group Horizontal and Tippins forces Oblique group Resists vertical and intrusive forces Interradicular Resists Vertical and lateral movement Vestibular Mucosa The dark shiny tissue at the top of gums, not attached to any bone Attached gingiva Pink and cushy tissue attached to the bone Gingiva Soft pink tissue attached to teeth and supporting bone Dental Papilla the flap of gum in the proximal space Gingival/ Cervical Towards the Gums Lips Border of the entrance to the oral cavity, reddish in color due to thin unkeratinized layer Vermillion Border of the Lips Transitional zone between the skin of the face and the mucous membrane of the oral cavity Tubercle of the lip Midline protrusion of the red zone of the upper lip Philtrum Shallow midline V Shaped depression extending from the base of the nose ot the tuebercle of the upper lip Commisure of the lips Union between the upper and lower lip at the corner of the mouth Dental Arches U shaped arrangement of the teeth in the maxilla nd mandible Cheeks Soft Tissues of the face forming the lateral boundary of the oral cavity. Lined on the inside of the oral cavity by the mucous membrane Vestibule Space between the cheek and the tissue covering the bone on the upper and lower jaws Labial Frenii Tissue seen at the midline connecting the inside of the upper and lower lips to the upper and lower jaws. Buccal Frenii Tissue seen traversing the vestibule adjacent to canines and premolars Lingual Frenum Tissue seen under the tongue that attaches the tongue to the lower jaw Parotid Papilla Rounded elevation of mucous membrane of cheek adjacent to upper first and second molars. Covers the opening of the parotid gland duct. Palate Term for the Roof of the Mouth Hard Palate Anterior two thirds of the roof of the mouth formed by the bony parts of the facial skeleton and covered by thick layer of keratinized immovable tissue Soft Palate Freely mobile mucous memrane forming the posterior one third of the palate Vibrating Line Junction Between movable and immovable tissue near the junction of the hard and soft palate Incisive Papilla Oval or pear shaped prominence of soft tissue on the hard palate in the midline immediately behind the maxillary central incisors Palatine Rugae Irregular transeverse ridges of dense connective tissue radiating laterally from the incisive papilla and the anterior most part of the hard palate Fovea Palatinae Pair of pitted depressions representing openings of palatine glands located close to the midline and immediately the junction of the hard and soft palate. Uvula Small fleshy structure hanging from the posterior part of the soft palate Anterior and Posterior Pillars of Fauces The two arched openings in the back of the oral cavity leading to the esophogus Maxillary Tuberosity Rounded bony prominence forming the most posterior part of the maxillary alveolar process. Tongue Broad, flat muscular, and glandular organ occupying the floor of the mouth Dorsum of the Tongue The dorsal top of the tongue that is divided into the anterior two thirds and posterior third of the tongue due to innervation Terminal Sulcus V shaped groove on the tongue seperating the posterior and anterior parts of the tongue Foramen Cecum A deep blind pit at the back of the tongue which marks the remains of the formation of the thyroglossal duct. This is where the development of the thyroid gland started Circumvallate Papillae Large, flat round prominences on the posterior of the tongue arranged in a v shape row right in front of the terminal sulcus Filiform Papillae Densely arranged hair like, highly keratinized papillae occupying the entire dorsal surface of the tongue Fungiform Papillae Small, round bright red elevations scattered and sparsely distrubuted between the filiform papillae. They are concentrated more near the tip and lateral borders of the tongue and contain some taste buds Foliate Papillae Irregularly arranged folds/projections of papillae found on the lateral posterior sides of the tongue Ventral Surface of the Tongue Under surface of the tongue which is continuous with the soft tissue of the floor of the mouth Plica Fimbriata Irregularly scalloped fold of mucous membrane on the ventral surface of the tongue, lateral on each side to the lingual frenum Sublingual Folds Folds of tissue in the floor of the mouth extending from the first molar on either side to the lingual frenum. Sublingual Caruncles (Wheaton;s Duct Openings) Pair of papillae under the tongue in the midline between the sublingual folds Gingival Margin Incisal or occlusal margin of the gingiva around the cervical part of the teeth Free Gingiva Portion of gingival tissue surrounding each tooth from the gingival margin to the point where it attached to the teeth. The trough formed is the gingival crevice or sulcus Interdental papilla V shaped gingival tissue between the teeth Mucogingival Junction Scalloped line between the attached gingiva and the alveolar mucosa. Parallels the free margin of the gingiva. Enamel Tubercle An enamel pimple Triangular Fossa Fossa immediately next to the marginal ridge Central Fossa Fossa in the middle of the tooth Distal Fossa Fossa just medial to the distal triangular fossa Fissured Groove the imperfect union of grooves Lingual Fossa Concavity on the anterior teeth on the lingual side Embrasure space around the contact area