CLTM Study Questions And Answers

CLTM Study Questions And Answers BAEP / R - ANS Brainstem auditory evoked potential / response -Diagnosis for cerebellopontine angle tumors, multiple sclerosis, brainstem lesions, metabolic and toxic encephalopathies,brain death, and early prediction of outcome in post traumatic coma, Kindling - ANS Development of epileptic seizures (in rats) that results from repeated focal stimulation and leads to the development of a predisposition to epileptiform convulsions. Similar to a log will not burn unless it's kindled. Mirror Focus Phenomenon - ANS Concept that an actively discharging epileptiform region may induce paroxysmal behavior in a homologous site. Related to the kindling phenomena that occur through interhemispheric callosum a commissural connections. It means that secondary epileptogenic foci develop in the contralateral hemispheric by the corpus callosum Aura - ANS Initial sensation(s) of a seizure that the patient is aware of in the absence of observable signs. Provides localizing information in some cases. Precedes temporal lobe seizures in many cases The Principle of Beneficence - ANS An ethical principle that addresses the idea that a medical professional's actions should promote good by having the welfare of the patient as a goal of any treatment. Actions should weigh possible benefits to risks and prevent and remove harm in any situation and should advocate for high standards for the greater good. QEEG - ANS Type of EEG that allows visualization of up to several hours of EEG data in a single screen display. Commonly referred to as a trend analysis. This type of EEG trending for seizure detection is based on amplitude, frequency, rhythmicity and degree of asymmetry. Coup - ANS Closed head injury / whiplash. The injury is when brain are damage is on the same side as the external force of the injury Contra Coup - ANS Brain injury is contralateral to the external force of injury. The brain moves away from the external object along with the head, but the brain eventually impacts the side of the skull, causing damage A deficit in one visual field indicates a lesion in the: - ANS Contralateral occipital lobe (or optic pathway posterior to the optic chiasm According to guideline 12, the clinical indications for ambulatory continuous EEG recordings - ANS Appropriate for documentation and quantification of ictal (clinical and subclinical) and interictal EEG features and assessment of their relationship to reported behavior. It is also applicable in an inpatient setting, particularly when characterization of EEG features as is required in presurgical evaluation Loss of pupillary reflexes indicates: - ANS Loss of brainstem fuction Occulocephalic reflex testing: In a comatose patient, when the head is rotated to the side and the eyes do not follow the head movement, but lag or remain as if fixed on an object. This indicates: - ANS The reflex is positive, brainstem function is present Oculocephalic reflex testing: In a comatose patient, when the head is rotated to the side and the eyes stay in the same position relative to the head as they would in a conscious patient. This indicates: - ANS The reflex is absent, brainstem function is impaired