MCAT - PHYSICS EQUATIONS, VARIABLES, & CONSTANTS – 126 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Kinematics equation missing "acceleration" d = ½(v₀ + v)t Kinematics equation missing "displacement" v = v₀ + at 6 Ways to Show Appreciation for Your Child's Teacher 0:03 / 0:54 Kinematics equation missing "velocity" (final) d = v₀t + ½at² Kinematics equation missing "velocity" (initial) d = vt - ½at² Kinematics equation missing "time" v² = v₀² + 2ad Horizontal distance equation (projectile motion) v₀ = v in the horizontal direction, because there is no horizontal acceleration. Velocity is constant in the horizontal direction! Vertical distance equation (projectile motion) Horizontal velocity equation (projectile motion) Constant! Vertical velocity equation (projectile motion) Horizontal acceleration equation (projectile motion) Vertical acceleration equation (projectile motion) At the top of a projectile motion path parabola, what can we say about the velocity? Newton's Law of Gravitation Remember: Even though forces are equal, accelerations are NOT equal if objects have different masses! (F = ma) Gravitational constant 6.7 × 10⁻¹¹ N*m²/kg² Equation for gravitational constant g = (GM) / r² Found by setting: mg = (GMm)/r² and canceling "m" Kinetic friction SLIDING friction; occurs when there is relative motion between two surfaces. (N = normal force) Static friction Occurs when there is NO relative motion or sliding. Includes "rolling resistance." Capable of being stronger than kinetic friction. Opposes force UP TO maximum value given by equation. If force is less than max, the static friction force exactly equals (in opposite direction) the force trying to move the object. (N = normal force) On an inclined plane ... Normal Force = ? Force of Gravity = ? Normal Force = mg cos θ Force of Gravity = mg sin θ Center of Mass (equation) Note 1: must include ruler/plank/etc. if IT has a mass. Its "x" is its center of mass point. Note 2: Center of gravity equation is the same, only replace "m" with "mg." Centripetal acceleration (equation) Direction of acceleration is toward center of circle. Centripetal force (equation) Direction of force is toward center of circle. The centripetal force is equal to the F(net) that is toward the center of the circle (it is NOT a separate force!) Torque (equation) r = distance between pivot point and the place the force is applied. θ = angle between vectors r and F. This is for ROTATIONAL motion. Translational Equilibrium Rotational Equilibrium Στ = 0 Work θ = angle between F and d Unit: Joule (J; N×m) Power Unit: Watt (W; J/s) Kinetic Energy KE = ½mv² Unit: Joule (J; N×m) Work-Energy Theorem Joule (J; N*m) Gravitational Potential Energy Always looking at relative (change), so it's really ΔPE = Δmgh. +mgh if height is increased. -mgh if height is decreased. Total Mechanical Energy E = KE + PE (Total energy = kinetic energy + potential energy) Conservation of energy equations - no friction - with friction Momentum Unit: kg*m/s Impulse-momentum Theorem Impulse = J (equals the above things) Unit: kg*m/s