BMTCN - Chapter 6 questions well answered graded A+ 2023/2024

BMTCN - Chapter 6What are the types of cardiac diseases common post HSCT? What conditioning medications can cause these diseases? - correct answer Cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, congestive heart failure - high dose Cytoxan and radiation causes this HTN/Dyslipidemia: Immunosuppression meds HTN/Hyperkalemia: Cyclosporine HTN/Hyperlipidemia and edema: Sirolimus How would you management cardiac disease in post-HSCT patients? - correct answer Assess risk factors, follow up testing (EKG, ECHO, labs such as BNP, A1c, thyroid function), medications, weight loss, stress reduction What is the major cause of transplant-related mortality and morbidity? - correct answer Infection-related complication. Depends on hx of infections, chemo regimen intensity, and type of transplant. What are the risk factors of the development of an infection post-transplant? - correct answer -Hx of infection (CMV status, blood stream infection) -Type of transplant: Auto (regimen related) Allo (slow count recovery, GVHD) -Myeloablative regimen and immunosuppression drugs -HLA mismtached and CMV status What are the prevention and management of infection? - correct answer -Vaccination (pneumococcus, Tdap, Influenza, meningococcus, Hep B, MMR (1 year post) -Surveillance (T cell counts, CMV screening) -Antibiotics Bactrim post transplant (6mo) -Avoid pets -Avoid sick people -Practice good hygeine -Safe sex practices -Follow travel guidelines What are other common post transplant complications? - correct answer -Occular -Muscoskeletal -Psychological -Graft failure and rejection What is the major cause of occular damage post transplant? What are the clinical manifestations? - correct answer Cause: GVHD Manifestations: Photophobia, conjuncitivits, ulceration, dryness, pain What is the treatment for GVHD of the eyes? - correct answer -Cyclosporine eye drops -Eye shielding during TBI -Systemic immune suppression -Lubricate the eyes -Wearing eye protection What is avascular necrosis (AVN)? - correct answer Painful condition that develops when blood supply to the bone is disrupted What are the risk factors of developing AVN? - correct answer -GVHD -Old age -Acute leukemia -TBI -Steroid Therapy