HESI PEDIATRICS,INTRODUCTION, VERSION 1, VERSION 2 & VERSION 3 COMPLETE DOCUMENT WITH 300 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS +ELABORATIONS

HESI PEDIATRICS,INTRODUCTION, VERSION 1, VERSION 2 & VERSION 3 COMPLETE DOCUMENT WITH 300 QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS +ELABORATIONS INTRODUCTION When does birth length double? ---CORRECT ANSWER-- By 4 years When does the child sit unsupported? ---CORRECT ANSWER-- 8 months When does a child achieve 50% of adult height? ---CORRECT ANSWER-- 2 years When does a child throw a ball overhand? ---CORRECT ANSWER-- 18 months When does a child speak 2-3 word sentences? ---CORRECT ANSWER-- 2 Yeears Age groups concepts of bodily injury ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Infants: After 6 months, their cognitive development allows them to remember pain. Toddlers: Fear intrusive procedures. Preschoolers: Fear body mutilation. School age: Fear loss of control of their body. Adolescent: Major concern is change in body image. Following immunization, what teaching should the nurse provide to the parents? --- CORRECT ANSWER-- Irritability, fever (<102 degrees F), redness and soreness at injection site for 2-3days are normal side effects of DPT and IPV administration.Call healthcare provider if seizures, high fever, or high -pitched crying occur.A warm washcloth on the thigh injection site and "bicycling" the legs w/each diaper change will decrease soreness.Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is administered orally every 4-6 hours (10- 15 mg/Kg) Hgb norms ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Newborn: 14 to 24 g/dl Infant: 10 to 15 g/dl Child: 11 to 16 g/dl Autosomal recessive ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Both parents must be heterozygous, or carriers of the recessive trait, for the disease to be expressed in their offspring. With each pregnancy, there is a 1:4 chance of the infant having the disease. However, all children of such parents CAN get the disease - NOT 25% of them. A child with leukemia is being discharged after beginning chemotherapy. Which of the following instructions will the nurse include when teaching the parents of this child? a)provide a diet low in protein and high carbohydrates b) avoid fresh vegetables that are not cooked or peeled c) notify the doctor if the child's temperature exceeds 101 F (39C) d) increase the use of humidifiers throughout the house ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Answer B fresh fruits and vegetables harbor microorganisms, which can cause infections in immune-compromised child. Fruits and vegetables should either be peeled or cooked. The physician should be notified of a temperature above 100F, a diet low in protein is not indicated, and humidifiers harbor fungi in the water containers. A client with hemophilia has a very swollen knee after falling from bicycleriding. Which of the following is the first nursing action? a)initiate an IV site to begin administration of cryoprecipitate b) type and cross-match for possible transfusion c) monitor the client's vital signs for the first 5 minutes d) apply ice pack and compression dressings to the knee ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Answer D rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)are the immediate treatments to reduce the swelling and bleeding into the joint. These are the priority actions for bleeding into the joint of a client with hemophilia A client and her husband are positive for the sickle cell trait. The client asks the nurse about chances of her children having sickle cell disease. Which of the following is appropriate response by the nurse? a)one of her children will have sickle cell disease b) only the male children will be affected c) each pregnancy carries a 25% chance of the child being affected d) if she had four children, one of them would have the disease ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Answer C In autosomal recessive traits, both parents are carriers. There is a 25% chance with each pregnancy that a child will have the disease. An 8 year old child has been diagnosed to have iron deficiency anemia. Which ofthe following activities is most appropriate for the child to decrease oxygen demands on the body? a)Dancing b) playing video games c) reading a book d) riding a bicycle ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Answer C reading a book is restful activity and can keep the child from becoming bored. Choices a, b, and d require too much energy for a child with anemia and can increase oxygen demands on the body. A 16 month old child diagnosed with Kawasaki Disease (KD) is very irritable,refuses to eat, and exhibits peeling skin on the hands and feet. Which of the following would the nurse interpret as the priority? a)applying lotions to the hands and feet b) offering foods the toddler likes c) placing the toddler in a quiet environment d) encouraging the parents to get some rest ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Answer C One of the characteristics of children with KD is irritability. They are often inconsolable.Placing the child in a quiet environment may help quiet the child and reduce the workload of the heart. The child's irritability takes priority over peeling of the skin. A newborn's failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may indicate which of the following? a.Hirschsprung disease b. Celiac disease c. Intussusception d. Abdominal wall defect ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Answer A Failure to pass meconium within the first 24 hours after birth may be an indication of Hirschsprung disease, a congenital anomaly resulting in mechanical obstruction due to inadequate motility in an intestinal segment. Failure to pass meconium is not associated with celiac disease, intussusception, or abdominal wall defect. Which of the following should the nurse do first after noting that a child with Hirschsprung disease has a fever and watery explosive diarrhea? a. Notify the physician immediately b. Administer antidiarrheal medications c. Monitor child ever 30 minutes d. Nothing, this is characteristic of Hirschsprung disease ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Answer A For the child with Hirschsprung disease, fever and explosive diarrhea indicate enterocolitis, a life-threatening situation. Therefore, the physician should be notified immediately. Generally, because of the intestinal obstruction and inadequate propulsive intestinal movement, antidiarrheals are not used to treat Hirschsprung disease. The child is acutely ill and requires intervention, with monitoring more frequently than every 30 minutes.Hirschsprung disease typically presents with chronic constipation. When assessing a child for possible intussusception, which of the following would be least likely to provide valuable information? a.Stool inspection b. Pain pattern c. Family history d. Abdominal palpation ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Answer C Because intussusception is not believed to have a familial tendency, obtaining a family history would provide the least amount of information. Stool inspection, pain pattern, and abdominal palpation would reveal possible indicators of intussusception. Current, jelly-like stools containing blood and mucus are an indication of intussusception. Acute,episodic abdominal pain is characteristics of intussusception. A sausage-shaped mass may be palpated in the right upper quadrant. After teaching the parents of a preschooler who has undergone T and A(Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy) about appropriate foods to give the child afterdischarge, which of the following, if stated by the parents as appropriate foods, indicates successful teaching? a)meatloaf and uncooked carrots b) pork and noodle casserole c) cream of chicken soup and orange sherbet d) hot dog and potato chips ---CORRECT ANSWER-- Answer C for the first few days after a T and A (Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy) , liquids and soft foods are best tolerated by the child while the throat is sore. Avoid hard and scratchy foods until throat is healed.