Postmodernism questions well answers graded A+ 2023/2024

PostmodernismPostmodernism - correct answer -is pessimistic regarding human progress since organizing principles (metanarratives) that bind a society together are not trustworthy -all claims to truth, no matter who makes them, must be questioned. This is required because cultural traditions and the way language is used means that what passes for truth is socially constructed Jacques Derrida - correct answer -his mission was to present a method for the proper interpretation of texts, especially philosophical and political works -The term Derrida used to describe his approach was "deconstructionism" -Derrida wanted to show that any text material has numerous meanings. Therefore, the so-called truth value conveyed in a text should never be considered to be absolute. "deconstructing a text" - correct answer -means to "analyze a text" in a special way. Derrida wanted to show that any text material has numerous meanings. Therefore, the so-called truth value conveyed in a text should never be considered to be absolute. -In essence, deconstructionism celebrates the "death of the author" The Death of the Author - correct answer -Derrida warned his readers that they should raise doubts about any statements given in absolute terms -Derrida believed that deconstruction reveals that writers often negate their own arguments. Jean Baudrillard - correct answer -Baudrillard's most basic claim about the postmodern era is that the boundary between reality and simulation no longer exists -This blurring of this distinction is in great part due to the overwhelming influence of the popular media. The media distorts reality while promoting consumerism. -Humanity has been overwhelmed by technology which has created a dystopian existence. The masses are made "happy" by being entertained by their electronic devices while the real problems facing humanity are ignored. -Baudrillard presented an argument that people in the contemporary age are now defined by their consumption patterns, not by personal characteristics, such as integrity. -Advertising messages stress the joy and pleasure of consuming which Baudrillard called "consumer fetishism" -Capitalism, according to Baudrillard, has reinvented itself by making consumption more important than production. Implosion - correct answer -the boundary between simulation and reality has been obliterated. Therefore, there is no basis for telling the difference between reality and fantasy. The Hyperreal - correct answer -In hyperreality, models (simulations) have replaced the real. The hyperreal is "a system of simulation simulating itself". -Hyperreality allows any object to be reproduced so many times that the sheer number of copies has obliterated the meaning of the original object Simulacra - correct answer What is being consumed are copies of original objects. Baudrillard called the copies "simulacra". The Death of the Real - correct answer -Baudrillard defined reality as whatever can be simulated, we have experienced the "death of the real" Jean Francois Lyotard - correct answer -The metanarrative that Lyotard thought to be very troublesome is the belief that civilization is moving forward and improving human lives by using scientific knowledge to solve existential problems. -Lyotard warned that society needs to know who has and who has not the access to this information. He cautioned that access to such knowledge could be easily restricted putting power in the hands of a relatively few. -. Instead, science has gotten so big that it nothing more than a collection of micro- narratives. In other words, specializations in science mean that researchers can no longer understand one another. Metanarrative - correct answer represents of set of beliefs, assumed to be true, that "legitimizes" societal practices. Examples of the metanarratives are any major religion, Darwinism, Marxism, Capitalism, and the foundational argument for science. What metanarratives have in common is that they organize the belief system of a society.