Nur 256 Exam #2 Ch. 13, 20-24 Review Questions with 100% Correct Answers

115 mEq/L Correct Answer The nurse should assess the patient for signs of lethargy, increasing intracranial pressure, and seizures when the serum sodium reaches what level? 800 Correct Answer In a patient with excess fluid volume, hyponatremia is treated by restricting fluids to how many milliliters in 24 hours? 155 mEq/L Correct Answer A patient who is semiconscious presents with restlessness and weakness. The nurse assesses a dry, swollen tongue and a body temperature of 99.3. The urine specific gravity is 1.020. What is most likely the serum sodium value for this patient? 275 to 300 mOsm/kg Correct Answer A patient's serum sodium concentration is within the normal range. What should the nurse estimate the serum osmolality to be? A patient with kidney failure Correct Answer The nurse is reviewing the laboratory studies for a group of patients. Which patient is most likely to experience a decrease in serum osmolality? Acidosis Correct Answer The nurse notes that a patient's urine osmolality is 980 mOsm/kg. What should the nurse assess as a possible cause of this finding? Serum creatinine Correct Answer The nurse is reviewing the laboratory studies for a patient suspected of acute kidney injury. What test would be the best indicator of the patient's renal function? Oliguria; Tachycardia; Tachypnea Correct Answer A patient has been involved in a traumatic accident and is hemorrhaging from multiple sites. The nurse expects that the compensatory mechanisms associated with hypovolemia would cause what clinical manifestations? Hematocrit level of >47%; Urine specific gravity of 1.027; Urine osmolality of >450 mOsm/kg Correct Answer What laboratory findings does the nurse determine are consistent with hypovolemia in a female patient? Hydrochlorothiazide Correct Answer A patient with mild fluid volume excess is prescribed a diuretic that blocks sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule. Which diuretic does the nurse anticipate administering to this patient? Assessing for symptoms of nausea and malaise; Monitoring neurologic status; Restricting tap water intake Correct Answer The nurse is caring for a patient with a