Civil Resistance in SOUTH AFRICA
History Notes
1970s & 1980s
Words To Know:
- SASO
= South African Students Organisation.
- NUSAS
= National Union of South African Students.
- Black Consciousness Movement
= A grassroots anti-apartheid movement.
= Started during a political vacuum created by the jailing and banning of ANC and PAC
after the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960s.
- ANC
= African National Congress.
- PAC
= Pan Afrikanist Congress.
- Embargo
= Official ban on trade or other commercial activities with a particular country.
People To Know:
- Steve Biko
- PW Botha
, Brief Explanation of the Apartheid State up until the 1970s:
- Was legalized but was racism.
- Ensured all white South Africans had all the political power.
- Introduced the National Party in the 1940s.
- Consisted of
= Petty Apartheid that segregated every aspect of society.
= System of separate homelands and laws. (grand Apartheid)
- Passive resistance campaigns were crushed. (used ideas from Ghandi)
- Apartheid became very oppressive in the 1970s and 1980s (because of resistance) and
the forces, army and police came in to bring order.
- All people of color faced discrimination, humiliation and deprivation BUT not white
people.
1) Bantu Education Act
= Separate inferior education system for black students.
= Purpose was to make sure black people could never get skilled so they can't
work or be smart etc.
= The education was aimed at creating a compliant and undereducated
workforce that would be cheap.
= Schools were underfunded and Afrikaans was the language of instruction.
2) Had the mixed marriage act & The Reservation of Amenities Act & The
Population Registration Act.
3) Sharpeville Massacre - March 1960 (turning point)
= Joint PAC and ANC initiative.
= Called all supporters to leave their passes at home and gather at police
stations.
= Many were arrested BUT this meant the system was overloaded and so were
the jails and the economy.
= After a small scuffle the police opened fire on the crowd.
History Notes
1970s & 1980s
Words To Know:
- SASO
= South African Students Organisation.
- NUSAS
= National Union of South African Students.
- Black Consciousness Movement
= A grassroots anti-apartheid movement.
= Started during a political vacuum created by the jailing and banning of ANC and PAC
after the Sharpeville Massacre in 1960s.
- ANC
= African National Congress.
- PAC
= Pan Afrikanist Congress.
- Embargo
= Official ban on trade or other commercial activities with a particular country.
People To Know:
- Steve Biko
- PW Botha
, Brief Explanation of the Apartheid State up until the 1970s:
- Was legalized but was racism.
- Ensured all white South Africans had all the political power.
- Introduced the National Party in the 1940s.
- Consisted of
= Petty Apartheid that segregated every aspect of society.
= System of separate homelands and laws. (grand Apartheid)
- Passive resistance campaigns were crushed. (used ideas from Ghandi)
- Apartheid became very oppressive in the 1970s and 1980s (because of resistance) and
the forces, army and police came in to bring order.
- All people of color faced discrimination, humiliation and deprivation BUT not white
people.
1) Bantu Education Act
= Separate inferior education system for black students.
= Purpose was to make sure black people could never get skilled so they can't
work or be smart etc.
= The education was aimed at creating a compliant and undereducated
workforce that would be cheap.
= Schools were underfunded and Afrikaans was the language of instruction.
2) Had the mixed marriage act & The Reservation of Amenities Act & The
Population Registration Act.
3) Sharpeville Massacre - March 1960 (turning point)
= Joint PAC and ANC initiative.
= Called all supporters to leave their passes at home and gather at police
stations.
= Many were arrested BUT this meant the system was overloaded and so were
the jails and the economy.
= After a small scuffle the police opened fire on the crowd.
