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samenvatting nucleinezuurmetabolisme (medische biochemie)

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Het onderdeeltje nucleïnezuurmetabolisme van het vak medische biochemie. Het gaat over de nucleotiden zelf, de biosynthese en het metabolisme ervan (zowel salvage als de Novo).

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November 8, 2023
Number of pages
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Written in
2022/2023
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Nucleinezuurmetabolisme


1. nucleotiden
Inleiding
2 grote groepen:
- Purines
- Pyrimidines
 synthese staat los v elkaar: andere producten nodig
 enkel beide geactiveerd suiker nodig: ribose-5-P
- DuS overdreven stimulatie pentosemonofosfaatpathway => overmatige activatie
alle andere wegen => overmatig stimuleren nucleinzuurmeta want geeft
bepaalde enzymen substraten die ze kunnne gebruiken => veel nucleotide
aanmaak => maar hebben het nt nodig => afbreken met vorming
- Uit pyrimidines: wateroplosbare producten => kunnen verdwijnen in metabolisme
- langs kant purines: vorming producten die slecht oplosbaarzijn zoals urinezuur
=> opstapeling => JICHT
 dé novo synthese

Salvage pathway:
Adenosine nemen => P aanhangen => vorming adenosinemonofosfaat? => DNA/RNA
synthese

purine pyrimidine




adenine guanine cytosine thymine uracil




als je base wilt
gebruiken om
DNA/RNA te
gebruiken:
suiker op plakken!!
=> vorming
nucleoside

activeren met P
groep => vorming
nucleotide

, Als in lichaam: denovo synthese => ATP investeren om fosforylatie tot stadn te
brengen
purine en pyrimidine nucleosiden nucleotiden
guanine Guanosine Guanosine mono P
thymine Thymidine Thymidine mono P
cytosine Cytidine Cytidine mono P
uracyl uridine Uridine mono P

RNA:
- 2 hydroxylgroepen:
- ribose
- C, G, U, A
- enkelstrengig

DNA:
- 1 hydroxylgroep
- desoxyribose
- dubbelstrengig
- T, A,C, G




Adenosine derivaten
Adenosine ook gebruiken vr andere dingen:
1. cAMP
- Ovv cyclisch AMP => covalentie modificatie =>
zit in signaalcascade => zal zorgen vr activatie
proteinekinase A => P zetten op bepaalde
enzymen => activiteit bepaakde enzymen
stimuleren of juist nt
- meest voorkomende adenosine derivaat
- cyclisch adenosine monofosfaat
- second messenger = signaal transductie
- bv. PKA

2. S-adenosylmethionine
- bv SAM: bij afbreken SAM: adenosine uit
halen => aanmaak adenosine monofosfaat
- geactiveerd methionine
- methyldonor

Synthetische nucleotiden analogen
Die gebruikt w voor zelfde doel:
celdeling remmen, als:
- Medicatie bv. allopurinol
- Bij jicht: productie urinezuur
stoppen dr enzymatische
activiteit te inhiberen
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