UTA Henry A&P2 Final Exam questions and answers latest top score.

UTA Henry A&P2 Final Exam questions and answers latest top score. endocrine system - correct body's "slow" chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream exocrine system - correct answers.The collection of ducted glands that secrete products to the body's surface or into body cavities Hormones - correct cal messengers that are manufactured by the endocrine glands, travel through the bloodstream, and affect other specific tissues local hormones - correct locally on neighboring cells or on the same cell that secreted them without first entering the bloodstream circulating hormones - correct answers.Circulate in blood throughout body, act on distant targets Paracrine - correct answers.Referring to a secreted molecule that acts on a neighboring cell. Autocrine - correct for hormones that act on same cells that secrete them lipid soluble hormones - correct answers.-steroid and thyroid hormones -act on intracellular receptors that directly activate genes -can enter cell steroid hormones - correct nes secreted by the adrenal cortex; derives from cholesterol thyroid hormone - correct ases basic metabolic rate water soluble hormones - correct answers.-requires receptors on cell membrane + G-protein -amines, peptides/proteins, eicosanoids Mechanisms of Hormone Action - correct nse depends on hormone and the target cell difference between water-soluble and lipid-soluble hormones - correct answers.-lipid-soluble can bind to a receptor within the cell -water-soluble has to bind to cell surface then wait to activate a secondary messenger system to send original message w/in cell responsiveness of target cell depends on... - correct answers.Hormone's concentration Abundance of target cell receptors Influence exerted by other hormones (permissive, synergistic and antagonistic effects) Hormones of the Anterior Pituitary - correct answers.hGH, PRL, ACTH, TSH, tropic, FSH, LH, MSH hGH (human growth hormone) - correct lates secretion of insulin-like factors that stimulate body growth, metabolism, and protein synthesis Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) - correct lates secretion from thyroid gland Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - correct answers.-stimulates production of ova and sperm -testes stimulate testosterone production Luthenizing Hormone (LH) - correct answers.-ovaries stimulate ovulation -testes stimulate testosterone production Prolactin (PRL) - correct lates milk production by mammary glands of breasts Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - correct answers.Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) - correct ior pituitary tropic hormones - correct late certain endocrine glands to secrete hormones. posterior pituitary - correct answers.-ADH and oxytocin -does not synthesize hormones -releases hormones made by hypothalamus antidiuretic hormone (ADH) - correct answers.Hormone produced by the neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus that stimulates water reabsorption from kidney tubule cells into the blood and vasoconstriction of arterioles. Oxytocin (OT) - correct answers.Increases the contractions of the uterus during birth and promotes the release of breast milk Control of thyroid hormone secretion - correct answers.Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from hypothalamus Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from anterior pituitary Situations that increase ATP demand also increase secretion of thyroid hormones parathyroid glands - correct small glands on the posterior of the thyroid gland parathyroid hormone - correct answers.A hormone of the parathyroid gland that regulates the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus in the body. adrenal glands - correct answers.-a pair of endocrine glands just above the kidneys -adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla adrenal cortex - correct section of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol (glucocorticoid), aldosterone (mineralocorticoid), and sex hormones (androgens) adrenal medulla - correct tes epinephrine and norepinephrine anterior pituitary cells - correct otrophs: hGH and IGF thyrotrophs: TSH gonadotrophs: FSH and LH lactotrophs: PRL corticotrophs: ACTH and MSH anterior pituitary hypothalamus system - correct hypophysis posterior pituitary hypothalamus system - correct hypophysis difference between nervous system and endocrine system - correct answers.-nervous system sends out nerve impulses or neurotransmitters that have fast responses, brief effects, and acts on a specific target -endocrine system sends out hormones that have slower responses, effects last longer, and can have a broader influence Dwarfism - correct answers.Condition caused by insufficient growth hormone in childhood Gigantism - correct secretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary before puberty, leading to abnormal overgrowth of body tissues Acramegaly - correct mal growth of the hands, feet, and face, caused by overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland. Cushing's syndrome - correct answers.Too much cortisol, CRH, and ACTH Addison's disease - correct answers.Too little cortisol, CRH, and ACTH Hypothyroidism - correct tion of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid levels in the blood that result in sluggishness, slow pulse, and often obesity Cretinism - correct tion of congenital hypothyroidism in children that results in a lack of mental development and dwarfed physical stature; the thyroid gland is either congenitally absent or imperfectly developed