POST TEST ATLS With Correct and Verified ANSWERS..pdf

18.A 42-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicle crash, suffers a closed head injury, multiple palpable left rib fractures, and bilateral femur fractures. He is intubated orotracheally without difficulty. Initially, his ventilations are easily assisted with a bag-valve device. It becomes more difficult to ventilate the patient over the next 5 minutes, and his hemoglobin oxygen saturation level decreases from 98% to89 % . The most appropriate next step is to a. obtain a chest x-ray. b. decrease the tidal volume. c. auscultate the patient's chest. d. increase the rate of assisted ventilations. e. perform needle decompression of the left chest. 19.A 24-year-old woman passenger in an automobile strikes the wind screen with her face during a head-on collision. In the emergency department, she is talking and has marked facial edema and crepitus. The highest priority should be given to a. lateral, c-spine x-ray. b. upper airway protection. c. carotid pulse assessment. d. management of blood loss. e. determination of associated Injuries. 20.Twenty-seven patients are seriously injured in an aircraft accident at a local airport. The basic principle of triage should be to a. treat the most severely injured patients first. b. establish a field triage area directed by a doctor. c. rapidly transport all patients to the nearest appropriate hospital. d. treat the greatest number of patients in the shortest period of time. e. produce the greatest number of survivors based on available resources. 21.Which one of the following statements is FALSE concerning Rh isoimmunization in the pregnant trauma patient? a. It occurs in blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma. b. Minor degrees of fetomaternal hemorrhage produce it. c. A negative Kleihauer-Betke test excludes Rh isoimmunization. d. This is not a problem in the traumatized Rh-positive pregnant patient. e. initiation of Rh immunoglobulin therapy does not require proof of fetomaternal hemorrhage. 22.A 30-year-old man is struck by a car traveling at 56 kph (35 mph). He has obvious fractures of the left tibia near the knee, pain in the pelvic area, and severe dyspnea. His heart rate is 180 beats per minute, and his respiratory rate is 48 breaths per minute with no breath sounds heard in the left chest. A tension pneumothorax is relieved by immediate needle decompression and tube thoracostomy. Subsequently, his heart rate decreases to 140 beats per minute, his respiratory rate decreases to 36 breaths per minute, and his blood pressure is 80/50 inm Hg. Warmed Ringer's lactate is administered intravenously. The next priority should be to: a. perform a urethrogram and cystogram. b. perform external fixation of the pelvis. c. obtain abdominal and pelvic CT scans. d. perform arterial embolization of the pelvic vessels. e. perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or abdominal ultrasound.