Patho Exam 1 Gan Chamberlain | 250 Questions With 100% Correct Answers.

Define Health - Answer Physical, mental, and social well-being Disease - Answer Deviation from the normal state of homeostasis Pathophysiology - Answer the study of how disease processes affect the function of the body, functional changes in the body as a result from disease Cause and effect relationships, defined by signs and symptoms, guide the study of a specific disease. Define atrophy - Answer decrease in cell size, results in reduced tissue mass common causes: reduced use of the tissue, insufficient nutrition, decrease neurological or hormonal stimulation, and aging Hypertrophy - Answer Increase in cell size Results in enlarged tissue mass Causes: additional work by the tissue, excessive hormonal stimulation Hyperplasia - Answer increase in number of cells results in enlarged tissue mass. Causes: compensatory mechanism to meet increased demand or pathologic when there is a hormonal imbalance. Metaplasia - Answer Mature cell type is replaced by a different mature cell typeAdaptive mechanism that provides more resistance tissue. Dysplasia - Answer cells vary in size and shape within a tissue Chronic irritation infection, or it may be a precancerous change. anaplasia - Answer Undifferentiated cells with variable nuclear and cell structures Characteristic of cancer Neoplasia - Answer "New growth" - commonly called tumor