Dialysis Nurse questions and answers well illustrated.

Dialysis Nurse questions and answers well illustrated. GFR of Stage 1. Normal kidney function but urine or other abnormalities point to kidney disease. - correct answers.90+ GFR of Stage 2. Mildly reduced kidney function, urine or other abnormalities point to kidney disease. - correct answers.60-89 GFR of Stage 3. Moderately reduced kidney function. - correct answers.30-59 GFR of Stage 2. Severely reduced kidney function. - correct answers.15-29 GFR of Stage 1. Very severely reduced kidney function (also called End Stage Renal Disease). - correct answers.<15 Types of source water are: - correct answers.Surface and Ground Examples of Surface water: - correct answers.Lakes, streams, rivers, reservoirs Examples of Ground water: - correct answers.Wells, underground springs FMC follows water quality standards according to _________ standards. - correct answers.AAMI Bone disease can be caused by _________ in product water. - correct num Aluminum in product water put the patient at risk for _________. - correct a Aluminum, chloramines, copper, or zinc may cause ________ when present in water used for dialysis. - correct ysis Define sepsis: - correct answers.The presence of bacteria in the bloodstream. Define endotoxin: - correct answers.Parts of a bacteria cell wall, released from dead bacteria. List some characteristics of bacteria and/or viruses: - correct answers.> Grows rapidly > Too large to cross an intact dialyzer membrane, but can cross a damaged/torn membrane > May produce endotoxins or biofilm Safe range for total chlorine is: - correct answers.Less than 0.1 ppm (0.00-0.09 ppm) __________ is a serious side effect if chlorine crosses the dialyzer membrane. - correct answers.Hemolysis Chloramine is a combination of: - correct answers.Chlorine and Ammonia Chlorine and chloramines are added to city water for what reason? - correct answers.To reduce or eliminate bacteria. _________ is a patient complication due to the exposure of blood to chlorine and chloramines. - correct answers.Hemolysis Give examples of the symptoms the patient might experience from this serious side effect. - correct answers.> Chest pain > Shortness of breath > Cherry pop red / translucent blood Where does the water pathway start in the dialysis facility? - correct answers.City Water Inlet __________ ____________ is the first piece of equipment that the water goes through in the dialysis facility. - correct answers.Backflow Preventer What is the function of the Backflow Preventer equipment? - correct answers.Prevents water from flowing back into the city water supply. _______ degrees F is the recommended water temperature for ideal RO operation. - correct answers.77 Describe the function of the water booster pump: - correct answers.Boosts incoming city water pressure. Describe the function of the Captive air (expansion/bladder) tank: - correct answers.Helps to maintain a minimum pressure. Describe the function of the Chemical feed pumps: - correct answers.Helps to adjust pH level of the water. Describe the function of the Sediment filters: - correct answers.Removes larger particles from the incoming water. Describe the function of the Multimedia Filter: - correct answers.Removes particles 10 microns in size or larger. ______ microns in the size of particulate matter removed by the multimedia filter. - correct answers.10 Describe the function of the Carbon (GAC) Filter/Tank. - correct answers.To remove Chlorine and Chloramines and other organic materials. Carbon filters remove chlorine and chloramines by the process of ___________. - correct ption Define Empty Bed Contact Time: - correct answers.The length of time that the water is exposed to carbon. AAMI requires a minimum for Empty Bed Contact Time (EBCT) of _________ minutes. However, FMC requires a minimum of ________ minutes of EBCT for new water treatment systems. - correct answers.10; 12 RPC Ultra-Low Total Chlorine test strips are used to test for __________________ and ___________________. - correct answers.Total Chlorine in the water after GAC (Carbon) filter #1; and Post RO. When and at what frequency is routine total chlorine testing performed per FMC policy? - correct answers.Prior to the initiation of treatment and at least every 4 hours. The Reverse Osmosis (RO) machine runs _______ minutes before performing any total chlorine testing. - correct answers.15 Total chlorine testing for a central water system must be performed and documented ________ qualified staff members. - correct answers.2 A sample container is always rinsed ______ times before a sample is collected for total chlorine testing. - correct answers.3 ________ ml is the correct amount of water to collect for total chlorine testing when using RPC Ultra-Low Total Chlorine test strips. - correct answers.100 How long is the RPC Ultra-Low Total Chlorine Test strip immersed in the sample? - correct answers.60 seconds If a chlorine breakthrough occurs post GAC (Carbon) filter #1, what are the several steps that are taken to ensure patients are safe from harm? - correct answers.1. Place all machines in bypass 2. Repeat test (optional) 3. Immediately test after GAC#2/Carbon Tank #2 4. If results are less than 0.01, notify the Clinic Manager, MD, and ATOM/BMT If total chlorine testing after the second carbon tank (post GAC Filter #2) shows results above the action limit, what action is immediately taken? - correct answers.Immediately stop treatments! _________ and ___________ are removed from water by the softener by the process of ________ __________. - correct answers.Calcium and Magnesium; ion exchange. Water hardness is measure in parts per million (PPM). The FMS acceptable limit for water hardness post softener is _______ PPM. - correct answers.20 Normally there are _____ water hardness tests are done daily. - correct answers.2 Hardness strips test for the presence of __________ and __________. - correct um and magnesium The RO must run for a minimum of ______ minutes prior to testing the water. - correct answers.15 Define "product water." - correct answers.Water exiting the RO and that meets that AAMI standards for water to be used for dialysis. RO performance is measured by _________ ___________. - correct nt rejection The full calibration of the TDS meter is required __________. - correct y UV light is a form of ___________ ___________. - correct ible radiation Ultra Violet (UV) lights are effective when they have a wave length of _____ nanometers. - correct answers.254 Where are the Ultrafilters located in the water treatment system? - correct answers.In the loop. What method of water treatment component is used during RO failure and is part of the "Alternate Water Supply Plan?" - correct answers.Deionization Tanks Piping within the water treatment distribution loop is made of what material? - correct answers.> PVC > Stainless Steel > PEX > Teflon What causes a pyrogenic reaction in patients? - correct answers.Exposure to bacteria and endotoxins. What are some of the symptoms of a pyrogenic reaction? - correct answers.1. Fever and chills 2. Nausea and vomiting 3. Hypotension CFU is an abbreviation for: - correct answers.Colony Forming Unit The FMS action level for bacteria in product water exiting the RO is ______ cfu/ml. - correct answers.20