C++ ZYBOOKS (ALL) WITH UPDATED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Computer Program(correct answer)consists of instructions executing one at a time.
input(correct answer)A program gets data, perhaps from a
le, keyboard, touchscreen, network, etc.
process(correct answer)A program performs computations on that data, such as adding
two values like x + y
output(correct answer)A program puts that data somewhere, such as to a
file, screen, network, etc.
variables(correct answer)refers to data
computational thinking(correct answer)creating a sequence of instructions to solve a
problem
algorithm(correct answer)A sequence of instructions that solves a problem
program(correct answer)starts in main(), executing the statements within main's braces
{ }, one at a time
semicolon(correct answer)ends each statement
code(correct answer)the textual representation of a program
cout <<(correct answer)output
endl or \n(correct answer)newline
comment(correct answer)text a programmer adds to code, to be read by humans to
better understand the
code, but ignored by the compiler.
single-line comment(correct answer)starts with // and includes all the following text on
that line.
multi-line comment or block comment(correct answer)comment starts with /* and ends
with */, where all text between /* and */ is
part of the comment.
whitespace(correct answer)refers to blank spaces (space and tab characters) between
items within a
statement, and blank lines between statements (called newlines).
,syntax error(correct answer)to violate a programming
language's rules on how symbols can be combined to create a program.
logic error or bug(correct answer)an error that occurs while a
program runs.
warning(correct answer)doesn't stop the compiler from creating an
executable program, but indicates a possible logic error.
bits(correct answer)binary digits, 0s and 1s
switch(correct answer)controls whether or not electricity
flows through a wire.
circuits(correct answer)connections of switches
processors(correct answer)circuits that process (aka execute) a list of desired
calculations
instruction(correct answer)calculation
memory(correct answer)a circuit that can store 0s and 1s in each of a
series of thousands of addressed locations
program, application, or app(correct answer)The programmer-created sequence of
instructions
machine instructions(correct answer)Instructions represented as 0s and 1s
executable program(correct answer)a sequence of machine instructions together
assemblers(correct answer)automatically translate human
readable instructions into
machine instructions.
assembly language instructions(correct answer)human readable instructions
high-level languages(correct answer)programming languages whose instructions more
closely resemble the English language
compilers(correct answer)programs that automatically translate high-level language
programs into executable programs.
screen or monitor(correct answer)displays items to a user
keyboard(correct answer)allows a user to provide input to the computer
,disk or hard drive(correct answer)stores files and other data, such as program
files, song/movie files, or office documents. Disks are non-volatile, meaning they
maintain their
contents even when powered off.
RAM (random-access memory)(correct answer)temporarily holds data read from
storage, and is
designed such that any address can be accessed much faster than disk
byte(correct answer)8 bits
processor/CPU/microprocessor(correct answer)runs the computer's programs, reading
and executing instructions from memory, performing operations, and reading/writing
data from/to
memory.
operating system(correct answer)allows a user to run other programs and which
interfaces with the many other
peripherals.
cache memory(correct answer)a type of high-speed memory that a processor can
access more rapidly than main memory
clock(correct answer)the rate a processor executes it's directions
transistors(correct answer)a tiny circuit board with millions of switches; located inside
the CPU chip
integrated circuit(correct answer)A group of tiny transistors and electric wires built on a
silicon wafer, or chip.
Moore's Law(correct answer)The doubling of IC capacity roughly every 18 months,
which continued for several decades.
problem solving(correct answer)Creating a methodical
solution to a given task
variable(correct answer)a named item, such as x or numPeople, used to hold a value
assignment(correct answer)assigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5.
incrementing(correct answer)Increasing a variable's value by 1, as in x = x + 1
variable declaration(correct answer)a statement that declares a new variable, specifying
the variable's name
, and type. Ex: int userAge;
assignment statement(correct answer)assigns the variable on the left-side of the = with
the current value of the right-side expression
expression(correct answer)may be a number like 80, a variable name like numApples,
or a simple calculation like numApples + 1
integer literal(correct answer)is an integer like 80 appearing in an expression
identifier(correct answer)A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or
function
case sensitive(correct answer)upper and lower case letters differ.
keyword/reserved word(correct answer)a word that is part of the language, like int,
short, or double.
literal(correct answer)a specific value in code like 2.
operator(correct answer)a symbol that performs a built-in
calculation, like +, which performs addition.
+(correct answer)addition
-(correct answer)subtraction
*(correct answer)multiplication
/(correct answer)division
unary minus(correct answer)Minus (-) used as negative
compound operators(correct answer)provide a shorthand way to update a variable
floating-point number(correct answer)any number with a decimal point showing one or
more digits behind the decimal point.
e. "4.05" or "0.087"
double(correct answer)stores floating-point numbers
floating-point literal(correct answer)a number with a fractional part, even if that fraction
is 0, as in 1.0, 0.0, or 99.573
int(correct answer)stores integers
Computer Program(correct answer)consists of instructions executing one at a time.
input(correct answer)A program gets data, perhaps from a
le, keyboard, touchscreen, network, etc.
process(correct answer)A program performs computations on that data, such as adding
two values like x + y
output(correct answer)A program puts that data somewhere, such as to a
file, screen, network, etc.
variables(correct answer)refers to data
computational thinking(correct answer)creating a sequence of instructions to solve a
problem
algorithm(correct answer)A sequence of instructions that solves a problem
program(correct answer)starts in main(), executing the statements within main's braces
{ }, one at a time
semicolon(correct answer)ends each statement
code(correct answer)the textual representation of a program
cout <<(correct answer)output
endl or \n(correct answer)newline
comment(correct answer)text a programmer adds to code, to be read by humans to
better understand the
code, but ignored by the compiler.
single-line comment(correct answer)starts with // and includes all the following text on
that line.
multi-line comment or block comment(correct answer)comment starts with /* and ends
with */, where all text between /* and */ is
part of the comment.
whitespace(correct answer)refers to blank spaces (space and tab characters) between
items within a
statement, and blank lines between statements (called newlines).
,syntax error(correct answer)to violate a programming
language's rules on how symbols can be combined to create a program.
logic error or bug(correct answer)an error that occurs while a
program runs.
warning(correct answer)doesn't stop the compiler from creating an
executable program, but indicates a possible logic error.
bits(correct answer)binary digits, 0s and 1s
switch(correct answer)controls whether or not electricity
flows through a wire.
circuits(correct answer)connections of switches
processors(correct answer)circuits that process (aka execute) a list of desired
calculations
instruction(correct answer)calculation
memory(correct answer)a circuit that can store 0s and 1s in each of a
series of thousands of addressed locations
program, application, or app(correct answer)The programmer-created sequence of
instructions
machine instructions(correct answer)Instructions represented as 0s and 1s
executable program(correct answer)a sequence of machine instructions together
assemblers(correct answer)automatically translate human
readable instructions into
machine instructions.
assembly language instructions(correct answer)human readable instructions
high-level languages(correct answer)programming languages whose instructions more
closely resemble the English language
compilers(correct answer)programs that automatically translate high-level language
programs into executable programs.
screen or monitor(correct answer)displays items to a user
keyboard(correct answer)allows a user to provide input to the computer
,disk or hard drive(correct answer)stores files and other data, such as program
files, song/movie files, or office documents. Disks are non-volatile, meaning they
maintain their
contents even when powered off.
RAM (random-access memory)(correct answer)temporarily holds data read from
storage, and is
designed such that any address can be accessed much faster than disk
byte(correct answer)8 bits
processor/CPU/microprocessor(correct answer)runs the computer's programs, reading
and executing instructions from memory, performing operations, and reading/writing
data from/to
memory.
operating system(correct answer)allows a user to run other programs and which
interfaces with the many other
peripherals.
cache memory(correct answer)a type of high-speed memory that a processor can
access more rapidly than main memory
clock(correct answer)the rate a processor executes it's directions
transistors(correct answer)a tiny circuit board with millions of switches; located inside
the CPU chip
integrated circuit(correct answer)A group of tiny transistors and electric wires built on a
silicon wafer, or chip.
Moore's Law(correct answer)The doubling of IC capacity roughly every 18 months,
which continued for several decades.
problem solving(correct answer)Creating a methodical
solution to a given task
variable(correct answer)a named item, such as x or numPeople, used to hold a value
assignment(correct answer)assigns a variable with a value, such as x = 5.
incrementing(correct answer)Increasing a variable's value by 1, as in x = x + 1
variable declaration(correct answer)a statement that declares a new variable, specifying
the variable's name
, and type. Ex: int userAge;
assignment statement(correct answer)assigns the variable on the left-side of the = with
the current value of the right-side expression
expression(correct answer)may be a number like 80, a variable name like numApples,
or a simple calculation like numApples + 1
integer literal(correct answer)is an integer like 80 appearing in an expression
identifier(correct answer)A name created by a programmer for an item like a variable or
function
case sensitive(correct answer)upper and lower case letters differ.
keyword/reserved word(correct answer)a word that is part of the language, like int,
short, or double.
literal(correct answer)a specific value in code like 2.
operator(correct answer)a symbol that performs a built-in
calculation, like +, which performs addition.
+(correct answer)addition
-(correct answer)subtraction
*(correct answer)multiplication
/(correct answer)division
unary minus(correct answer)Minus (-) used as negative
compound operators(correct answer)provide a shorthand way to update a variable
floating-point number(correct answer)any number with a decimal point showing one or
more digits behind the decimal point.
e. "4.05" or "0.087"
double(correct answer)stores floating-point numbers
floating-point literal(correct answer)a number with a fractional part, even if that fraction
is 0, as in 1.0, 0.0, or 99.573
int(correct answer)stores integers
