bio 182 ASU FINAL EXAM

Which question is one of Tinbergen's four questions? correct answer: E) All of these choices are correct If bird song promotes an individual's ability to attract a mate and reproduce, then the song has a(n) _______ function. correct answer: B) Adaptive . Many female birds establish a pair bond with a single male with whom they build a nest and rear young. Many of those females, however, also copulate with other males outside the pair bond; the young they raise are fathered by more than one male. If we want to understand how this behavior originated and how it may have changed over time, we want to understand its: correct answer: D) Evolutionary history Which statement provides evidence that some insects are capable of learning? correct answer: C) Philanthus wasps can locate their underground hive entrance through recognition of local landmarks Which vertebrate group is particularly vulnerable due to their porous skin? correct answer: D) Amphibians Which of the following is a neurotransmitter? correct answer: D) All of the above Muscle protein, fat, and glycogen are all reservoirs of energy. In what order are they used during a prolonged fast? correct answer: D) Glycogen, fat, protein __________ can be helpful in connecting fragmented populations. correct answer: B) Wildlife corridors What is currently the number one threat to wildlife biodiversity? correct answer: B) Loss of habitat/habitat fragmentation A researcher compares the species diversity of two different islands located equal distances from the mainland. One island is much smaller than the other. The researcher finds that the S value (number of species at equilibrium) for smaller islands is ________ the S value for the larger island. When she examines the extinction rates for both islands, she finds that the extinction rate on the small island is ___________ the extinction rate for the large island. correct answer: D) Lower than; higher than Apply Tinbergen's four questions ( discussed in the chapter) to pigeon homing. Which statement best describes the evolutionary roots of pigeon homing behavior correct answer: Many animals, including birds, undertake long distance migrations, some retiring to exactly the same location each time If Earth had no oceans, would temperatures at the equator be hotter or colder than they are now? correct answer: A) Temperatures would be hotter tropical rainforests have high species richness of trees. Which of the statements provides the most reasonable explantation why animal species richness is also high in tropical rainforests? correct answer: C) Animals have diversified into the vast number of niches provided by tree diversity What is the eventual long term result of different mutations accumulating in different populations? correct answer: A) The evolution of different species Which of the following might be considered a mis-match of human adaptation (from historical conditions) to modern day conditions that has resulted in some health challenges for affected populations? correct answer: D) All of the above are correct Variation is the raw material that natural selection can act upon in a population. Besides recombination, which of the answer choices can also produce new alleles in a population? correct answer: C) Mutation B cells undergo ________, where a specific cell will divide in response to its associated antibody recognizing an antigen. correct answer: A) Clonal selection How does a vaccination help to prevent a disease? correct answer: A) It generates a population of memory cells that speed up the response to an actual infection Which of the answer choices is not part of the innate immune system? correct answer: B) A helper T cell Immunodeficiency can occur in which group of people? correct answer: D)All the choices are correct Which of the choices describes animals that produce most of their own heat as a byproduct of metabolism? Select all the apply. correct answer: E) Both A and B are correct A researcher has introduced molecules of human myoglobin and hemoglobin into a solution containing oxygen. Which of the statements is true of human hemoglobin and myoglobin correct answer: C) Compared to human hemoglobin, human myoglobin will bind molecules more quickly when introduced into an oxygen-containing solution Since the brown tree snake is a keystone species in Guam, it must also be a keystone species in Australia. True or False? correct answer: False Native predators of birds on Guam likely decreased in abundance after brown tree snakes arrived. True or False? correct answer: true If birds on Guam usually disperse seeds, brown snakes likely had a negative indirect effect on plants. True or False? correct answer: t Since more prey and fewer predators occur on Guam than in Australia , the density of brown tree snakes in Guam likely exceeds the density in Australia. True or False? correct answer: T If some species of the now extinct lizards used to eat bird eggs, brown tree snakes had a positive direct effect and a negative indirect effect on birds. True or False? correct answer: F All the nitrogen in fertilizers will end up in bodies of water. True or False? correct answer: F If the supply in fertilizers limits the growth of plants, emissions from burning fossil fuels should lead directly to more biomass of plants. True or False? correct answer: F Burning more coal would likely increase the total amount of methane trapped as ice throughout globe. True or False? correct answer: F If global warming causes methane to escape from ice, warming will accelerate through positive feedback. True or False? correct answer: T Some of the carbon dioxide that results from the reaction of methane and water will end up in the tissues of plants. True or False? correct answer: T If marine bacteria use methane to grow and reproduce, melting of methane reserves in the ocean would reduce the carrying capacity of these bacteria. True or False? correct answer: F If CO2 and H2O react to form carbonic acid, global warming could reduce the pH of the ocean. True or False? correct answer: T To further test this mechanism in locusts, the researchers preformed the following experiments where they injected the locusts with either serotonin antagonist (which competitively binds to serotonin receptors in the central nervous system, but doesn't activate the receptor). Normally, physical stimulation causes a locust to switch from solitary to gregarious. What was rest of injection of the serotonin antagonist? correct answer: C) Locusts given physical simulation did not become gregarious but remained solitary