ANCC PMHNP EXAM CHAPTERS 2-4 (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS)

ANCC PMHNP EXAM CHAPTERS 2-4 (QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS) Nurse Practitioner Core Competencies - CORRECT ANSWER-all nurse practitioners upon graduation are expected to meet these. These include scientific foundations, leadership, quality, practice inquiry, technology and information literacy, policy, health delivery system, ethics, and independent practice history of NP role - CORRECT ANSWER-the NP role was introduced in 1965 by Loretta Ford and Henry Silver, MD at the University of Colorado. They identified new roles in which experienced RNs with advanced education and skills were performing clinical duties traditionally reserved for physicians. License, Accreditation, Certification, and Education Consensus Model - CORRECT ANSWER-adopted by many nursing organizations, this provides guidance for states to adopt uniformity in the regulation of APRN roles; finalized in 2008 state legislative statutes - CORRECT ANSWER-grant legal authority for NP practice Nurse Practice Act - CORRECT ANSWER-every state has one; provides title protection (who may be called a nurse practitioner), defines advanced practice, prevailing state laws that define scope of practice, places restrictions on practice, sets NP credentialing requirements, states grounds for disciplinary action, and may specifically require that an NP develop a collaborative agreement with a physician States grounds for disciplinary action - CORRECT ANSWER-practicing without a valid license, falsification of records, medicare fraud, failure to use appropriate nursing judgment, failure to follow accepted nursing standards, failure to complete accurate nursing documentation collaborative agreement - CORRECT ANSWER-a protocol that describes what types of drugs might be prescribed and defines some form of oversight for NP practice licensure - CORRECT ANSWER-a process by which an agency of state government grants permission to persons to engage in the practice of that profession; also prohibits all others from legally doing protected practice credentialing - CORRECT ANSWER-process used to protect the public by ensuring a minimum level of professional competence certification - CORRECT ANSWER-credential that provides title protection; determines scope of practice; process by which a professional organization or association certifies that a person licensed to practice as a professional meets set standards, assures public of mastery, assures person has acquired necessary skills scope of practice - CORRECT ANSWER-defines NP roles and actions; identifies competencies assumed to be held by all NPs who function in a particular role; varies broadly from state to state standards of practice - CORRECT ANSWER-authoritative statements regarding the quality and type of practice that should be provided; provide a way to judge nature of care provided; can be used to legally describe standard of care that must be met by a provider; may be precise protocols or more general guidelines confidentiality - CORRECT ANSWER-client's right to assume that info given to provider will not be disclosed, protected under federal stature through the Medical Record Confidentiality Act of 1995; pertains to written and verbal info; requires provider obtain signed medical authorization and consent forms to release medical records and info when requested by client or another healthcare provider HIPAA - CORRECT ANSWER-guarantees clients four fundamental rights: to be educated about privacy protection, to have access to their own medical records, to request amendment of their health info to which they object, and to require their permission for disclosure of their personal info HITECH - CORRECT ANSWER-health information technology for economic and clinical health act of 2009; incentive payments for sharing specific EHR data, meaningful use incentives exceptions to guaranteed confidentiality - CORRECT ANSWER-when appropriate person or organizations determine that the need for info outweighs principle of confidentiality, if a client reveals an intent to harm self or others, info given to attorneys involved in litigation, releasing records to insurance companies, answering court orders, subpoenas, or summons, meeting state requirements for mandatory reporting of diseases or conditions, Tarasoff principle, in cases of elder or child abuse informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER-communication process between provider and client that results in client's acceptance or rejection of proposed treatment; right of all competent adults and emancipated minors emancipated minor - CORRECT ANSWER-persons younger than 18 who are married, parents, or self-sufficiently living away from the family domicile elements of informed consent - CORRECT ANSWER-must include nature/purpose of tx, risks/benefits of tx, risks/benefits of NOT doing tx, alternative tx, diagnosis and prognosis. Provider must document in medical record that informed consent has been obtained from client justice - CORRECT ANSWER-doing what is fair; fairness in all aspects of care beneficence - CORRECT ANSWER-promoting well-being and doing good nonmaleficence - CORRECT ANSWER-doing no harm fidelity - CORRECT ANSWER-being true and loyal autonomy - CORRECT ANSWER-doing for self veracity - CORRECT ANSWER-telling the truth respect - CORRECT ANSWER-treating everyone with equal respect deontological theory - CORRECT ANSWER-an action is judged as good or bad based on the act itself regardless of the consequences teleological theory - CORRECT ANSWER-an action is judged as good or bad based on consequence or outcome virtue ethics - CORRECT ANSWER-actions are chosen based on moral virtue or the character of the person making the decision malpractice insurance - CORRECT ANSWER-provides financial protection against claims of malpractice (coverage for negligence and for highly technical or professional skills required by NPS), recommended universally for all NPs, does not protect NPs from charges of practicing outside scope of practice, provides NPs their own legal representation even if their agency carries it a well duty - CORRECT ANSWER-can be established before office visit; the NP has to exercise reasonable care when undertaking and providing treatment to the client breach of duty - CORRECT ANSWER-the NP violated the applicable standard of care in treating client's condition proximate cause - CORRECT ANSWER-there is a causal relationship between the breach in the standard of care and the client's injuries damages - CORRECT ANSWER-the client experiences permanent and substantial damages as a result of the breach in standard of care competency - CORRECT ANSWER-a legal, not medical concept; determination that a client can make reasonable judgments and decisions regarding treatment and other health concerns commitment basic criteria - CORRECT ANSWER-person has diagnosed psychiatric disorder, person is harmful to self or others as consequence of disorder, person is unaware or unwilling to accept the nature and severity of the disorder, and treatment is likely to improve functioning involuntary admission - CORRECT ANSWER-admission to a hospital or other treatment facility against persons' will; clients maintain all civil liberties except ability to come and go as they please voluntary admission - CORRECT ANSWER-admission to a hospital or other treatment facility willfully; clients maintain all civil liberties risk assessment - CORRECT ANSWER-continuous monitoring for high risk situations, assessing persons for non-healthy behaviors healthcare proxy - CORRECT ANSWER-durable power of attorney durable power of attorney - CORRECT ANSWER-legally binding in all 50 states, designates in writing an agent to act on behalf of a person should he or she be unable to make healthcare decisions; includes financial decision making; should be considered as an aspect of relapse planning for clients with chronic psychiatric disorders living will - CORRECT ANSWER-not legally binding in all states, document prepared while client is mentally competent to designate preferences for care if client becomes incompetent or terminally ill culture-bound syndromes - CORRECT ANSWER-specific behaviors related to a person's culture and not linked to a psychiatric disorder colocation - CORRECT ANSWER-providing mental health and primary care services at a single site forensic risk assessment - CORRECT ANSWER-protect the public from persons with known mental disorders having dangerous, violent, and criminal histories transference - CORRECT ANSWER-displacement of feelings for significant people in the client's past onto the PMHNP in the present relationship countertransference - CORRECT ANSWER-nurse's emotional reaction to the client based on her or his past experiences introduction phase - CORRECT ANSWER-also known as orientation phase of therapeutic nurse-client relationship; nurse creates trusting environment, establishes professional boundaries, establishes length of interaction, provides diagnostic evaluation, sets mutually agreed upon tx objectives. Client has initial hesitancy (approach avoidance)